Chemistry and Seawater
There are lots of substances in the ocean that react with each other in predictable ways on a molecular level.
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This introduction to chemistry and seawater gives an overview of the concepts and activities explored in this unit and describes how these investigations build an understanding of ocean literacy.
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Seawater is a mixture made up of water and dissolved substances, including a variety of elements and compounds.
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With over 100 chemical elements, a system is needed to organize the elements in a way that is meaningful and useful.
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The properties of elements and compounds are determined by their structures. The internal structure of an atom and the overall structure of a molecule both contribute to how atoms and molecules behave and react.
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In addition to the types of elements and compounds dissolved in seawater, the amounts of these substances contribute to the properties of seawater.
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Atoms are made of protons and neutrons in a nucleus and electrons that are outside the nucleus. The number and arrangement of electrons in atoms determines how atoms bond to form molecules.
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Covalent compounds are formed by covalent bonding. Covalent bonding involves electrostatic forces and the sharing of electrons between atoms.