|
|
Bidens amplectens, ko'oko'olau, ko'olau, endemic,
1-4 - Kealia Trail, O'ahu, 2002, 5-7, 2005; 8 - Mokule'ia, O'ahu, 1980. |
|
Bidens campylotheca, ko'oko'olau, ko'olau, endemic. |
|
|
Bidens cosmoides, po'ola nui, endemic, Mohihi Trail, Kauai, 1979. |
 |
Bidens hawaiensis, ko'oko'olau, ko'olau, endemic, Kalapana, Hawai'i. |
|
|
Bidens macrocarpa, ko'oko'olau, ko'olau, endemic, 1 - near
Pu'u o kona, 2 - summit W of Poamoho, O'ahu. |
|
|
Bidens mauiensis, ko'oko'olau, ko'olau, 1 - Maui Zoo & Botanical Garden,
2 - Oheo Gulch Park, Maui, endemic. |
|
|
Bidens menziesii, ko'oko'olau, ko'olau, endemic, 1-3
- Nohona o hae, Hawai'i, 1979, 4 - 0.5 mi. W of Ahu a Umi Heiau, Hualalai,
Hawaii, 5 - Homestead Rd. Onini, Moloka'i. |
|
|
Bidens torta, ko'oko'olau, ko'olalu, endemic, 1-7 - Palehua-Palikea
Trail, Waianae, Mts., O'ahu. 2000, 8 - W of Manini Gulch, O'ahu. |
 |
Flowering heads of several species of Bidens collected by Fred Ganders. |
 |
Achenes of Bidens spp. Left to right: B. pilosa,
beggartick, alien; B. hillebrandiana, ko'oko'olau, endemic; B. mauiensis,
ko'oko'olau, endemic; and B. torta, ko'oko'olau, endemic. The Hawaiian species seem
to show a transition in fruit morphology from types adapted for animal dispersal to types
adapted for wind dispersal. Note loss of barbed pappus that would be effective in
attachment to fur or feathers and gain of modifications that would increase interception
of wind. |
