Apply the OLP in these units https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/ en Fish Behavior https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/biological/fish/behavior-and-sensory-systems/activity-fish-behavior <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Fish Behavior</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-display-title--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-display-title.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-display-title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-display-title field--type-string field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Title</div> <div class="field__item">Fish Behavior</div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <a title="View user profile." href="/exploringourfluidearth/users/rnakama" class="username">rnakama</a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Mon, 11/18/2019 - 14:47</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-practices field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Science and Engineering Practices</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/sep/engaging-argument-evidence" hreflang="en">Engaging in Argument from Evidence</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-cc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-2"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/cc/structure-and-function" hreflang="en">Structure and Function</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/cc/patterns" hreflang="en">Patterns</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-dci field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-4"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls1a-structure-and-function" hreflang="en">LS1.A: Structure and Function</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls1b-growth-and-development-organisms" hreflang="en">LS1.B: Growth and Development of Organisms</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls1c-organization-matter-and-energy-flow-organisms" hreflang="en">LS1.C: Organization for Matter and Energy Flow in Organisms</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls1d-information-processing" hreflang="en">LS1.D: Information Processing</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-toc--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-toc.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-toc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-toc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Table of Contents</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/toc/biological/fish/behavior-and-sensory-systems/activity-fish-behavior" hreflang="en">Activity: Fish Behavior</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment-node-activity-page--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--comment-node-activity-page.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--comment-node-activity-page.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <section class="field field--name-comment-node-activity-page field--type-comment field--label-hidden comment-wrapper"> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><h3>Materials</h3> <ul><li>Access to the internet</li> </ul><h3>Procdedures</h3> <ol><li>In this part of the activity you will observe several kinds of fish. Read the activity questions before watching the video so you are prepared for your observation. As you watch each video, answer the activity questions.</li> <li>Remember that, although the study of behavior is very interesting, behavior is often difficult to measure. Studying behavior takes practice, and the untrained observer may miss behavioral movements or consider them insignificant. It is helpful to<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>be patient with your observations,</li> <li>watch the same fish (or video) repeatedly, and</li> <li>write down what you see a fish doing (or not doing) even if you don’t understand why the fish is doing (or not doing) a particular behavior.</li> </ol></li> <li>Use the links provided, or search the internet to find your own videos.</li> </ol></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-questions--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-questions.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-questions.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-questions field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Activity Questions</div> <div class="field__item"><ol><li>Observe the goatfish in one or more of these videos and describe its behavior. What body structuagr does the goatfish use to forage for food?<br /><ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Video Links:</li> </ol><ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman; margin-left: 40px;"><li><a href="https://vimeo.com/240747155">https://vimeo.com/240747155</a></li> <li><a href="https://youtu.be/q_eDEuWOLmU">https://youtu.be/q_eDEuWOLmU</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xa11Vj9Emtg">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xa11Vj9Emtg</a></li> <li><a href="http://ihttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K9_ZHICoiho">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K9_ZHICoiho</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Udz3TdWLYH">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Udz3TdWLYHQ</a></li> </ol></li> <li>Groupers are predatory fishes that rapidly open their mouths to suck in prey. Some large groupers have such a powerful mouth suction that they can suck lobsters from inside crevices. Observe the grouper in this video and describe its behavior in relation to the other predatory fishes (jacks, leopard shark, and snapper) that swim by. Hypothesize how the grouper’s behavior may help it to catch prey.<br /><ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Video Links:</li> </ol><ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman; margin-left: 40px;"><li><a href="https://vimeo.com/240734099">https://vimeo.com/240734099</a></li> <li><a href="https://youtu.be/B95ifIjZ5U0">https://youtu.be/B95ifIjZ5U0</a></li> </ol></li> <li>Shoaling is a loose form of schooling, where fishes stay near to each other for social reasons but do not form an organized school. The yellow tang in this video exhibit shoaling behavior. Observe and describe how they feed and redirect themselves toward one another. Hypothesize a reason for this type of shoaling behavior.<br /><ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Video Links:</li> </ol><ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman; margin-left: 40px;"><li><a href="https://vimeo.com/240928207">https://vimeo.com/240928207</a></li> <li><a href="https://youtu.be/O0VpyqgF2J4">https://youtu.be/O0VpyqgF2J4</a></li> </ol></li> <li>Anenomies have stinging cells like those of coral and jelly medusa, but anemone fishes are able to live happily within the tentacles. Observe the fish in this video, describe their behavior, and hypothesize why they are so cozy with these anemone (hint: what might the fish gain from the anemone, and what might the anemone gain from the fish?).<br /><ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Video Links:</li> </ol><ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman; margin-left: 40px;"><li><a href="https://vimeo.com/240927309">https://vimeo.com/240927309</a></li> <li><a href="https://youtu.be/O0VpyqgF2J4">https://youtu.be/O0VpyqgF2J4</a></li> </ol></li> <li>Soldier fishes are nocturnal, night time predators. They have red coloring to help them be camouflaged at night. They also have large eyes to help them see in dim light. This video was taken during the day. Observe and describe the soldier fish’s behavior. Hypothesize why it might be acting this way.<br /><ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Video Links:</li> </ol><ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman; margin-left: 40px;"><li><a href="https://vimeo.com/240751138">https://vimeo.com/240751138</a></li> <li><a href="https://youtu.be/5UXzNEl5918">https://youtu.be/5UXzNEl5918</a></li> </ol></li> <li>Archerfish and spadefish are both predatory, silvery fishes that live in the nearshore, seagrass environment. Archerfish have upturned mouths and feed by spitting water at insects in the air, which causes the insects to crash into the water where they can be eaten. Spadefish are predators of plankton and small, benthic invertebrates. Watch this video, describe the differences you see in the two fishes’ behavior, and hypothesize how their feeding style might match up with the behaviors you observe.<br /><ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Video Links:</li> </ol><ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman; margin-left: 40px;"><li><a href="https://vimeo.com/240752646">https://vimeo.com/240752646</a></li> <li><a href="https://youtu.be/tQAbckbvcro">https://youtu.be/tQAbckbvcro</a></li> </ol></li> <li>Lionfishes are active predators of small fishes. Lionfish can skillfully corner their prey for capture. Lionfish are also highly poisonous due to their venomous fin rays, but these are used in defense rather than for catching prey. Watch this video and describe the lionfish’s behavior toward the camera. Hypothesize and explain why you think the lionfish is displaying hunting behavior or predator avoidance behavior.<br /><ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Video Links:</li> </ol><ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman; margin-left: 40px;"><li><a href="https://vimeo.com/240748300">https://vimeo.com/240748300</a></li> <li><a href="https://youtu.be/4B3xY_GNqmo">https://youtu.be/4B3xY_GNqmo</a></li> </ol></li> <li>The peacock flounder spends most of its time on the seafloor. How has the peacock flounder adapted to hide from predators?<br /><ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Video Links:</li> </ol><ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman; margin-left: 40px;"><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3S6X8F9Gho8">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3S6X8F9Gho8</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pTo5ITM3nPA">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pTo5ITM3nPA</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yc1-_HGL0Rg">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yc1-_HGL0Rg</a></li> </ol></li> <li>The whitemouth moray is exhibiting a behavior that most humans find frightening. The rhythmic opening and closing of the moray’s mouth is not a defensive or aggressive behavior. Why do you think eels keep their mouths open or open-and-close their mouths repeatedly?<br /><ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Video Links:</li> </ol><ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman; margin-left: 40px;"><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i1lQurTZI8E">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i1lQurTZI8E</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oa7dDdQimjw">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oa7dDdQimjw</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Prjlc1D9n9I">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Prjlc1D9n9I</a></li> </ol></li> <li>Barracudas are streamlined predators. What external features provide clues to the barracuda’s feeding behavior and prey?<br /><ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Video Links:</li> </ol><ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman; margin-left: 40px;"><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wfHejAz0Fe4">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wfHejAz0Fe4</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0zddKAwoerM">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0zddKAwoerM</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.arkive.org/great-barracuda/sphyraena-barracuda/video-08a.html">http://www.arkive.org/great-barracuda/sphyraena-barracuda/video-08a.html</a></li> </ol></li> <li>The spotted porcupinefish has spines and spots on its body. Hypothesize why this fish may have evolved spines and spots.<br /><ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Video Links:</li> </ol><ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman; margin-left: 40px;"><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dMnb0ovudHM">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dMnb0ovudHM</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ds3iSA0n5Bc">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ds3iSA0n5Bc</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FEvuTMEaHts">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FEvuTMEaHts</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L0VEEyVkaD4">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L0VEEyVkaD4</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sFpYwic91VA">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sFpYwic91VA</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HDj3Ag_N_B8">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HDj3Ag_N_B8</a></li> </ol></li> </ol></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> Tue, 19 Nov 2019 00:47:11 +0000 rnakama 1784 at https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/biological/fish/behavior-and-sensory-systems/activity-fish-behavior#comments Question Set: Adaptations https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/biological/fish/adaptations-fish/question-set-adaptations-fish <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--question-set.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Question Set: Adaptations</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-display-title--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-display-title.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-display-title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-display-title field--type-string field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Title</div> <div class="field__item">Question Set: Adaptations</div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--question-set.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <a title="View user profile." href="/exploringourfluidearth/users/rnakama" class="username">rnakama</a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--question-set.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Fri, 11/15/2019 - 16:36</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-practices field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Science and Engineering Practices</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/sep/engaging-argument-evidence" hreflang="en">Engaging in Argument from Evidence</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-cc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-2"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/cc/structure-and-function" hreflang="en">Structure and Function</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/cc/patterns" hreflang="en">Patterns</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-dci field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-3"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls1a-structure-and-function" hreflang="en">LS1.A: Structure and Function</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls4a-evidence-common-ancestry-and-diversity" hreflang="en">LS4.A: Evidence of Common Ancestry and Diversity</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls4c-adaptation" hreflang="en">LS4.C: Adaptation</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-toc--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-toc.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-toc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-toc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Table of Contents</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/toc/biological/fish/adaptations-fish/question-set-adaptations-fish" hreflang="en">Question Set: Adaptations - Fish</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment-node-question-set--question-set.html.twig * field--node--comment-node-question-set.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--comment-node-question-set.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <section class="field field--name-comment-node-question-set field--type-comment field--label-hidden comment-wrapper"> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--question-set.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><ol><li>The following are all real strategies used by fishes living in extreme environments.<br /> Predict the habitat that this strategy might be effective in and explain your prediction.<br /> 1. Anglerfish males are very small. They find a femail and become parasitic, with the male’s blood system becoming part of the female. She feeds him through their joined blood systems, and in return he provides sperm for her eggs. Neither reach sexual maturity (to save energy) until they are joined.<br /> 2. Lungfish aestivate (a state similar to hibernation) in a mudball.<br /> 3. Clingfishses have suction cups on their undersides.<br /> 4. Mudskippers breathe through their skin.<br /> 5. Mudminnows can freeze and thaw and still survive.<br /> 6. Gulper eels have unhinging jaws and expandable stomachs, so they can swallow prey larger than themselves.<br /> 7. Fluffy sculpins can make mental maps of complex terrain to find their way to a home site.<br /> 8. Pricklebacks can squeeze into very tight crevices.<br /> 9. Viperfishes have organs populated by light-producing bacteria.<br /> 10. Notothenioids have anti-freeze in their blood.</li> <li>For each of the fishes in Table 4.20, describe a habitat where the fish would be well adapted to thrive</li> </ol><h3>Table 4.20</h3> <table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" style="width: 600px"><thead><tr><th scope="col">Fish Description</th> <th scope="col">Habitat Description</th> </tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>This fish is a small schooling fish that usually swims around in the open water near the surface. It eats plankton. It is eaten by visually oriented, fast swimming predators like jacks.</td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td>This fish is an herbivore. It usually remains near the bottom and doesn’t move very fast, but is good at maneuvering. It grazes on tufts of algae that grow on the surface of rocks and rubble. It is eaten by stalking predators like sea basses and also by highly maneuverable eels.</td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td>This fish is a predator, but it is not very fast. It hunts smaller fish using its excellent vision and ambushing them. It lives in areas with a lot of coral and algae. It can be eaten by bigger fish like groupers and sand sharks.</td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td>This fish is a fast-moving predator, but the prey it hunts are fast, too. It swims in the open ocean and hunts using its vision and sense of smell. It is very big and not usually eaten by other animals. It may even feed on animals larger than it is.</td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td>This fish lives in the deepest parts of the sea where it’s not easy to survive. There is little or no light, and food is hard to find, not to mention other fishes to mate with.</td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td>This fish lives in freshwater streams with fast moving currents. It is an herbivore, scraping algae off the rocks. It may be eaten by larger fish, or by some big invertebrates like crayfish.</td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td>This fish lives in shallow reef flats. It is solitary, small, slow moving, and not very maneuverable. It eats reef-dwelling invertebrates like shrimps and worms.</td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td>This fish lives in still freshwater ponds where there is a lot of plant growth and fallen tree branches. It eats the insects that fall into the water. It is eaten by lurking ambush predators like largemouth bass and pike.</td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td>This fish eats clams, shrimp, and crabs buried in the mud. It often schools with others of its species. It lives on the bottom of sandy or muddy ocean flats. It is eaten by larger fish and seals.</td> <td> </td> </tr></tbody></table><p> </p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> Sat, 16 Nov 2019 02:36:07 +0000 rnakama 1778 at https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/biological/fish/adaptations-fish/question-set-adaptations-fish#comments Compare-Contrast-Connect: Warm-bodied and Hot-headed Fish https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/node/1774 <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--special-feature-page.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Compare-Contrast-Connect: Warm-bodied and Hot-headed Fish</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-display-title--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--node--field-display-title.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--field-display-title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-display-title field--type-string field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Title</div> <div class="field__item"><h2>Compare-Contrast-Connect: Warm-bodied and Hot-headed Fish</h2> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--special-feature-page.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <a title="View user profile." href="/exploringourfluidearth/users/rnakama" class="username">rnakama</a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--special-feature-page.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Wed, 11/13/2019 - 14:33</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-cc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/cc/structure-and-function" hreflang="en">Structure and Function</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment-node-special-feature-p--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--node--comment-node-special-feature-p.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--comment-node-special-feature-p.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <section class="field field--name-comment-node-special-feature-p field--type-comment field--label-hidden comment-wrapper"> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--colorbox-large.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--colorbox-large.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-center media media--type-image media--view-mode-colorbox-large"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/exploringourfluidearth/sites/default/files/SFFig4.6a.png" target="_blank"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/exploringourfluidearth/sites/default/files/styles/full-page-width/public/SFFig4.6a.png?itok=CP2Mg3tb" width="590" height="295" alt="&lt;p&gt;SF Fig. 4.6. (A) Yellowfin tuna elevate their whole body temperature&lt;/p&gt;&#10;" title="&lt;p&gt;Image courtesy of&lt;a data-cke-saved-href=&quot;https://igfa.org/game-fish-database/?search_type=SpeciesID&amp;amp;search_term_1=60&quot; href=&quot;https://igfa.org/game-fish-database/?search_type=SpeciesID&amp;amp;search_term_1=60&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;International Game Fish Association&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#10;" class="image-style-full-page-width" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>SF Fig. 4.6. (A) Yellowfin tuna elevate their whole body temperature</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image courtesy of<a href="https://igfa.org/game-fish-database/?search_type=SpeciesID&amp;search_term_1=60"> International Game Fish Association</a></p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/media.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--colorbox-large.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--colorbox-large.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-center media media--type-image media--view-mode-colorbox-large"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/exploringourfluidearth/sites/default/files/SFFig4.6b.jpg" target="_blank"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/exploringourfluidearth/sites/default/files/styles/full-page-width/public/SFFig4.6b.jpg?itok=5sBHbJcr" width="590" height="466" alt="&lt;p&gt;(B) Blue marlin keep their heads hotter than the surrounding water.&lt;/p&gt;&#10;" title="&lt;p&gt;Image courtesy of&amp;nbsp;&lt;a data-cke-saved-href=&quot;http://rtseablog.blogspot.com/2010/09/studying-pacific-blue-marlins.html&quot; href=&quot;http://rtseablog.blogspot.com/2010/09/studying-pacific-blue-marlins.html&quot;&gt;Richard Theiss&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#10;" class="image-style-full-page-width" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>(B) Blue marlin keep their heads hotter than the surrounding water.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image courtesy of <a href="http://rtseablog.blogspot.com/2010/09/studying-pacific-blue-marlins.html">Richard Theiss</a></p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/media.html.twig' --></p> <p>SF Fig. 4.6. (A) Yellowfin tuna elevate their whole body temperature (B) Blue marlin keep their heads hotter than the surrounding water.</p> <p>Most fishes are <strong>poikilothermic</strong>, meaning their internal body temperatures are largely determined by the ambient temperature of their surrounding environment. Some fishes, however, have evolved the ability to elevate their body temperature above ambient conditions. For example, bluefin tuna can elevate their bodies as much as 21 degrees Celsius above the water temperature.</p> <p>Tuna have a special system of countercurrent exchange that helps to retain body heat (see SF Fig. 4.7). However, tuna cannot keep its body at a fixed temperature the way mammals can. Thus, a tuna’s temperature elevation is different than temperature regulation because the tuna’s body does not maintain a constant temperature.</p> <p> </p> <p>The extensive network of countercurrent exchange in tunas is often called a “rete mirabile” or wonderful net. It results in a concentration of blood vessels and elevation of body temperature that can help predators catch prey and help prey avoid being caught. This is because chemical reactions proceed faster at higher temperatures, so warmer fish can see, think, and move faster than colder fish.</p> <p>However, the ability to elevate body temperatures requires significant energy input. Thus, this warm-bodied ability is usually found in large, open water predators that have the swimming muscles needed to generate body heat. Tuna meat is well known for its red color (compared to the white color of many other fish). The red color implies lots of heat and oxygen carrying red blood cells that help the tuna to swim continuously (see SF Fig. 4.8).</p> <p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--colorbox-large.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--colorbox-large.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-center media media--type-image media--view-mode-colorbox-large"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/exploringourfluidearth/sites/default/files/SF%20Fig4.8.jpg" target="_blank"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/exploringourfluidearth/sites/default/files/styles/full-page-width/public/SF%20Fig4.8.jpg?itok=kKWeYtaf" width="590" height="384" alt="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SF Fig. 4.8&lt;/strong&gt;. Tuna steaks with dark red color.&lt;/p&gt;&#10;" title="&lt;p&gt;Image courtesy of Toru Hanai/Reuters&lt;/p&gt;&#10;" class="image-style-full-page-width" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p><strong>SF Fig. 4.8</strong>. Tuna steaks with dark red color.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image courtesy of Toru Hanai/Reuters</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/media.html.twig' --></p> <p>Countercurrent systems are also useful for oxygen exchange. The concentration of oxygen dissolved in water is much lower than the concentration of oxygen in air. Fish have to be very efficient about maximizing the oxygen they can take up in their gills. The blood vessels in the gills used for gas exchange also run on a countercurrent system, so that the concentration of oxygen in blood leaving the body is always lower than that entering the body, creating a gradient that maximizes oxygen uptake.</p> <p> </p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-questions--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--node--field-questions.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--field-questions.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-questions field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Question Set</div> <div class="field__item"><ol><li>Why do you think it might be advantageous for a fish to have an elevated body temperature (hint: think about the speed of a reptile on a cold day verses the speed of a reptile on a hot day)?</li> <li>Why do you think it might be disadvantageous for a fish to have an elevated body temperature?</li> <li>Billfishes are sometimes called “hot-heads”. They are related to tunas, but they only have the ability to elevate their head temperature. What structures are contained in the head that might benefit from the increased reaction rates associated with higher temperatures?</li> <li>Some sharks, the lamniformes (including the great white, mako and salmon sharks) also elevate their body temperature above the surrounding water level. What do these have in common with the tunas described as warmer-blooded? What does this tell you about the needs of some kinds of fishes?</li> <li>Arctic birds use a similar counter current exchange to keep from losing their body heat as they stand on the ice. How is this use of countercurrent exchange similar and different to the tuna and the swordfish?<br /> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--colorbox-large.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--colorbox-large.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/media.html.twig' --> <article class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-colorbox-large"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/exploringourfluidearth/sites/default/files/SF%20Fig%204.9.jpg" target="_blank"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/exploringourfluidearth/sites/default/files/styles/full-page-width/public/SF%20Fig%204.9.jpg?itok=taKULgP_" width="590" height="470" alt="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SF Fig. 4.9.&lt;/strong&gt; Countercurrent exchange in gills.&lt;/p&gt;&#10;" title="&lt;p&gt;Image courtesy of&amp;nbsp;&lt;a data-cke-saved-href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Countercurrent_exchange#/media/File:Comparison_of_con-_and_counter-current_flow_exchange.jpg&quot; href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Countercurrent_exchange#/media/File:Comparison_of_con-_and_counter-current_flow_exchange.jpg&quot;&gt;Cruithne9&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#10;" class="image-style-full-page-width" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p><strong>SF Fig. 4.9.</strong> Countercurrent exchange in gills.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image courtesy of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Countercurrent_exchange#/media/File:Comparison_of_con-_and_counter-current_flow_exchange.jpg">Cruithne9</a></p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/media.html.twig' --></li> <li>Use the diagram in SF Fig. 4.7 (and the information above) to describe how the countercurrent exchange system in the gills is similar to the countercurrent exchange system that allows tunas to keep their body temperature warmer than the surrounding waters.</li> </ol></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> Thu, 14 Nov 2019 00:33:00 +0000 rnakama 1774 at https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/node/1774#comments Question Set: Energy Acquisition, Growth, and Reproduction https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/biological/fish/energy-acquisition-growth-development-and-reproduction-fish/question-set-energy-acquisition-growth-and-reproduction-fish <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--question-set.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden"> Question Set: Energy Acquisition, Growth, and Reproduction</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-display-title--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-display-title.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-display-title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-display-title field--type-string field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Title</div> <div class="field__item"> Question Set: Energy Acquisition, Growth, and Reproduction</div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--question-set.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <a title="View user profile." href="/exploringourfluidearth/users/rnakama" class="username">rnakama</a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--question-set.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Thu, 11/07/2019 - 11:56</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-practices field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Science and Engineering Practices</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/sep/engaging-argument-evidence" hreflang="en">Engaging in Argument from Evidence</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-cc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-2"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/cc/structure-and-function" hreflang="en">Structure and Function</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/cc/patterns" hreflang="en">Patterns</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-dci field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-4"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls1a-structure-and-function" hreflang="en">LS1.A: Structure and Function</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls1b-growth-and-development-organisms" hreflang="en">LS1.B: Growth and Development of Organisms</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls1c-organization-matter-and-energy-flow-organisms" hreflang="en">LS1.C: Organization for Matter and Energy Flow in Organisms</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls1d-information-processing" hreflang="en">LS1.D: Information Processing</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-toc--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-toc.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-toc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-toc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Table of Contents</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/toc/biological/fish/energy-acquisition-growth-development-and-reproduction-fish/question-set-energy-acquisition-growth-and-reproduction-fish" hreflang="en">Question Set: Energy Acquisition, Growth, and Reproduction - Fish</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment-node-question-set--question-set.html.twig * field--node--comment-node-question-set.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--comment-node-question-set.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <section class="field field--name-comment-node-question-set field--type-comment field--label-hidden comment-wrapper"> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--question-set.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><ol><li>What different types of food do fish eat?</li> <li>Name four organs of the digestive system and their functions</li> <li>Why do you think that a fish's growth might slow down as it gets older?</li> <li>Fishes that broadcast spawn, releasing eggs and sperm into te water column, produce many, many more offspring than fishes that give birth to live youn. Explain why you think is so.</li> <li>How might the ability to change sex benefit a fish in terms of its reproductive ability?</li> </ol></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> Thu, 07 Nov 2019 21:56:49 +0000 rnakama 1771 at https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/biological/fish/energy-acquisition-growth-development-and-reproduction-fish/question-set-energy-acquisition-growth-and-reproduction-fish#comments Question Set: Structure and Function https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/biological/mammals/structure-and-function/question-set-structure-and-function-0 <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--question-set.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Question Set: Structure and Function</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-display-title--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-display-title.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-display-title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-display-title field--type-string field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Title</div> <div class="field__item">Question Set: Structure and Function</div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--question-set.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <a title="View user profile." href="/exploringourfluidearth/users/rnakama" class="username">rnakama</a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--question-set.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Tue, 11/05/2019 - 12:28</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-practices field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Science and Engineering Practices</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/sep/engaging-argument-evidence" hreflang="en">Engaging in Argument from Evidence</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-cc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-2"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/cc/structure-and-function" hreflang="en">Structure and Function</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/cc/patterns" hreflang="en">Patterns</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-dci field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-5"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls1a-structure-and-function" hreflang="en">LS1.A: Structure and Function</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls1b-growth-and-development-organisms" hreflang="en">LS1.B: Growth and Development of Organisms</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls1c-organization-matter-and-energy-flow-organisms" hreflang="en">LS1.C: Organization for Matter and Energy Flow in Organisms</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls4a-evidence-common-ancestry-and-diversity" hreflang="en">LS4.A: Evidence of Common Ancestry and Diversity</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls4c-adaptation" hreflang="en">LS4.C: Adaptation</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-toc--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-toc.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-toc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-toc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Table of Contents</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/toc/biological/mammals/structure-and-function/question-set-structure-and-function" hreflang="en">Question Set: Structure and Function</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment-node-question-set--question-set.html.twig * field--node--comment-node-question-set.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--comment-node-question-set.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <section class="field field--name-comment-node-question-set field--type-comment field--label-hidden comment-wrapper"> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--question-set.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><ol><li>For each of the structures listed below, describe the function and some of the diversity of structures found in fish.<br /><ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Body Form</li> <li>Mouth</li> <li>Teeth (if you can see them)</li> <li>Eyes</li> <li>Nostrils (if you can see them)</li> <li>Fins</li> <li>Scales</li> <li>Color</li> <li>Other modifications</li> </ol></li> <li>Hypothesize a structure that might be adapted for each of the following conditions. (You can use Tables 4.4–4.17 for ideas.)<br /><ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li><strong>Nocturnal</strong> fishes: active at night</li> <li><strong>Diurnal</strong> fishes: active during the day</li> <li><strong>Herbivorous</strong> fishes: eat seaweeds or phytoplankton</li> <li><strong>Carnivorous</strong> fishes: eat other animals</li> </ol></li> <li>Body shape, mouth structure, and fins can be adapted to serve more than one purpose. Choose an interesting fish body form and hypothesize at least two possible uses for the shape, structure, or color. Be creative! (You can use Tables 4.4–4.17 for ideas.)</li> <li>Table 4.10 shows mouth modifications. In the example of a tweezer-like fish, the longnose butterfyfish is shown. Contrast this with the large mouth of a fish like a snapper. How does the mouth of a longnose butterflyfish compare to the mouth of the snapper, and how would you expect their diets to be different?</li> <li>Sketch or describe an ideal body shape (it may be imaginary) for each kind of fish listed below. Include mouth, teeth, body shape, fin structure, and coloration.</li> <ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Fish 1: continuous swimmer in open water</li> <li>Fish 2: hides in seaweed to ambush small prey</li> <li>Fish 3: lives among branches of coral</li> <li>Fish 4: finds food in or on flat, open sandy bottoms</li> </ol><li>What kind of environment do you think a fish would live in that would make the use of barbels for chemoreception necessary?</li> <li>What purpose do you think cirri might serve for a fish if they are not sensory organs?</li> <li>Why do you think it is not necessary for fish to have eyelids? Think about how you use your eyelids and how your lifestyle differs from that of a fish.</li> <li>What is the function of the lateral line in most fish species?</li> </ol></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> Tue, 05 Nov 2019 22:28:51 +0000 rnakama 1760 at https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth Practices of Science: Scientific Drawing https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/biological/fish/structure-and-function-fish/practices-science-scientific-drawing <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--special-feature-page.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Practices of Science: Scientific Drawing</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-display-title--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--node--field-display-title.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--field-display-title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-display-title field--type-string field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Title</div> <div class="field__item"><h2>Practices of Science: Scientific Drawing</h2> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--special-feature-page.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <a title="View user profile." href="/exploringourfluidearth/users/fyang" class="username">fyang</a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--special-feature-page.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Fri, 12/15/2017 - 16:09</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-practices field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Science and Engineering Practices</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/sep/obtaining-evaluating-and-communicating-information" hreflang="en">Obtaining, Evaluating, and Communicating Information</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-cc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/cc/structure-and-function" hreflang="en">Structure and Function</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-dci field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls1a-structure-and-function" hreflang="en">LS1.A: Structure and Function</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-toc--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--node--field-toc.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--field-toc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-toc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Table of Contents</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/toc/biological/fish/structure-and-function-fish/practices-science-scientific-drawing" hreflang="en">Practices of Science: Scientific Drawing</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment-node-special-feature-p--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--node--comment-node-special-feature-p.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--comment-node-special-feature-p.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <section class="field field--name-comment-node-special-feature-p field--type-comment field--label-hidden comment-wrapper"> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p> </p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-w-caption.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-w-caption.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-left media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-w-caption"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/exploringourfluidearth/sites/default/files/SF4.2-Beebe_Barton.jpg" target="_blank"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/exploringourfluidearth/sites/default/files/styles/half_page_width/public/SF4.2-Beebe_Barton.jpg?itok=QuAVl_sP" width="290" height="245" alt="&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;SF Fig. 4.2.&lt;/strong&gt; William Beebe and Otis Barton with a deep diving bathysphere&lt;/p&gt;&#10;" title="&lt;p&gt;Image courtesy of the Wildlife Conservation Society (&lt;a data-cke-saved-href=&quot;https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WCS_Beebe_Barton_600.jpg&quot; href=&quot;https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WCS_Beebe_Barton_600.jpg&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;WCS&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&#10;" class="image-style-half-page-width" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p><strong>SF Fig. 4.2.</strong> William Beebe and Otis Barton with a deep diving bathysphere</p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Image courtesy of the Wildlife Conservation Society (<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WCS_Beebe_Barton_600.jpg" target="_blank">WCS</a>)</p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/media.html.twig' --><p>Off the coast of Nonsuch Island in Bermuda on August 15, 1934, William Beebe and Otis Barton made history by descending in their bathysphere over 900 m beneath the ocean surface. The bathysphere was a cast iron sphere that could fit two people. The sphere weighed over 2,000 kg with walls 0.5 m thick (SF Fig. 4.2). It was tethered to a ship and two men were sealed inside using a 38 cm, 180 kg circular door.</p> <p> </p> <p>William Beebe was a naturalist who had spent two years studying deep-sea creatures that were captured in trawling nets. Instead of catching these animals, Beebe hoped to see these creatures swimming in the deep sea. Unlike today, when we have modern submarines and remotely operated vehicles (ROVs), they had no way to collect samples from the bathysphere. Instead, Beebe and Barton viewed the ocean through two, eight-inch wide windows.</p> <p> </p> <p>During the descent into the ocean, Beebe maintained communication with Gloria Hollister onboard the research ship using a telephone wire. As they descended, Beebe described the creatures that passed by the bathysphere, “<em>Here’s a fish with nothing but teeth illuminated, mouth one inch across, does not close completely. Teeth are lighted from the bottom upward with black between</em>” (p. 213, <u>Half Mile Down</u>, Beebe). To record images of the creatures he observed, Beebe required the help of artist and scientific illustrator, Else Bostelmann. The telephone communications allowed Bostelmann to paint illustrations of the creatures Beebe described. When the bathysphere re-surfaced, Beebe and Bostelmann worked together to add details and refine the drawings so the illustrations would match the proportions, size, color, and lights of the deep-sea fish.</p> <p> </p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-questions--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--node--field-questions.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--field-questions.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-questions field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Question Set</div> <div class="field__item"><ol><li>Look at a picture of a fish for about 30 seconds to 1 minute. Put the picture away and describe the fish as best you can from memory. Look back at your picture and describe the differences between your description and the picture.<br />  </li> <li>Describe some of the inaccuracies that you think might result from the artist needing to rely on Beebe’s descriptions rather than being able to see the fish herself.</li> </ol></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> Sat, 16 Dec 2017 02:09:09 +0000 fyang 1750 at https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/biological/fish/structure-and-function-fish/practices-science-scientific-drawing#comments Question Set: Evidence of Common Ancestry and Diversity - Fish https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/biological/fish/evidence-common-ancestry-and-diversity-fish/question-set-evidence-common-ancestry-and-diversity-fish <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--question-set.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Question Set: Evidence of Common Ancestry and Diversity - Fish</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-display-title--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-display-title.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-display-title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-display-title field--type-string field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Title</div> <div class="field__item">Question Set: Evidence of Common Ancestry and Diversity - Fish</div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--question-set.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <a title="View user profile." href="/exploringourfluidearth/users/fyang" class="username">fyang</a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--question-set.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Thu, 12/14/2017 - 11:46</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-practices field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Science and Engineering Practices</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/sep/engaging-argument-evidence" hreflang="en">Engaging in Argument from Evidence</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-cc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-2"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/cc/patterns" hreflang="en">Patterns</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/cc/structure-and-function" hreflang="en">Structure and Function</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-dci field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-4"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls1a-structure-and-function" hreflang="en">LS1.A: Structure and Function</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls1b-growth-and-development-organisms" hreflang="en">LS1.B: Growth and Development of Organisms</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls4a-evidence-common-ancestry-and-diversity" hreflang="en">LS4.A: Evidence of Common Ancestry and Diversity</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls4c-adaptation" hreflang="en">LS4.C: Adaptation</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-toc--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-toc.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-toc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-toc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Table of Contents</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/toc/biological/fish/evidence-common-ancestry-and-diversity-fish/question-set-evidence-common-ancestry-and-diversity-fish" hreflang="en">Question Set: Evidence of Common Ancestry and Diversity - Fish</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment-node-question-set--question-set.html.twig * field--node--comment-node-question-set.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--comment-node-question-set.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <section class="field field--name-comment-node-question-set field--type-comment field--label-hidden comment-wrapper"> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--question-set.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><ol><li>What are some of the key shared, derived traits that each group of fishes have?<br />  </li> <li>Choose an example of one of the more primitive fishes described in this section and compare it with an example of a teleost fish. How are they similar and different?<br />  </li> <li>Choose an evolutionary trend for teleost fishes (like spiny fins), find an example of a fish that has this adaptation, and describe how it is beneficial.</li> </ol></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> Thu, 14 Dec 2017 21:46:20 +0000 fyang 1748 at https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth Question Set: What is a Fish? https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/biological/fish/what-fish/question-set-what-fish <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--question-set.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Question Set: What is a Fish?</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-display-title--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-display-title.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-display-title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-display-title field--type-string field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Title</div> <div class="field__item">Question Set: What is a Fish?</div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--question-set.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <a title="View user profile." href="/exploringourfluidearth/users/fyang" class="username">fyang</a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--question-set.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Thu, 12/07/2017 - 11:44</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-practices field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Science and Engineering Practices</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/sep/engaging-argument-evidence" hreflang="en">Engaging in Argument from Evidence</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-cc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-2"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/cc/structure-and-function" hreflang="en">Structure and Function</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/cc/patterns" hreflang="en">Patterns</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-dci field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-6"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls1a-structure-and-function" hreflang="en">LS1.A: Structure and Function</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls1b-growth-and-development-organisms" hreflang="en">LS1.B: Growth and Development of Organisms</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls1c-organization-matter-and-energy-flow-organisms" hreflang="en">LS1.C: Organization for Matter and Energy Flow in Organisms</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls1d-information-processing" hreflang="en">LS1.D: Information Processing</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls4a-evidence-common-ancestry-and-diversity" hreflang="en">LS4.A: Evidence of Common Ancestry and Diversity</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls4c-adaptation" hreflang="en">LS4.C: Adaptation</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-toc--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-toc.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-toc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-toc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Table of Contents</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/toc/biological/fish/what-fish/question-set-what-fish" hreflang="en">Question Set: What is a fish?</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment-node-question-set--question-set.html.twig * field--node--comment-node-question-set.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--comment-node-question-set.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <section class="field field--name-comment-node-question-set field--type-comment field--label-hidden comment-wrapper"> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--question-set.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><ol><li>How are the two scientific definitions of fishes by Nelson and Berra similar? How are they different?<br />  </li> <li>Why do you think that Nelson’s definition is considered more broad than Berra’s?<br />  </li> <li>What does poikilothermic mean? Why is this term less misleading than the term cold-blooded? Refer to Table 4.2 for definitions of words.<br />  </li> <li>Is a seahorse a fish? How does it fit your definition of a fish? How does it not? What if you use one of the scientific definitions?<br />  </li> <li>There are many aquatic animals that are called fish, like jellyfish and starfish, which are not fish. Why are these animals not considered to be fish?<br />  </li> <li>Practice using the term fish and the term fishes. For each of the following cases, indicate which term is correct (fish or fishes):<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>A single skipjack tuna is a __________.</li> <li>A school of skipjack tuna is a school of __________.</li> <li>A school of eels, groupers, and wrasses is a school of __________.<br />  </li> </ol></li> <li>Why do you think that over half of the species of vertebrates are fishes?<br />  </li> <li>Why do you think that there are many new species of fishes still being discovered?</li> </ol></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> Thu, 07 Dec 2017 21:44:51 +0000 fyang 1738 at https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/biological/fish/what-fish/question-set-what-fish#comments Activity: What is a Fish? https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/biological/fish/what-fish/activity-what-fish <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Activity: What is a Fish?</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-display-title--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-display-title.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-display-title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-display-title field--type-string field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Title</div> <div class="field__item">Activity: What is a Fish?</div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <a title="View user profile." href="/exploringourfluidearth/users/fyang" class="username">fyang</a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Thu, 12/07/2017 - 11:32</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-practices field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Science and Engineering Practices</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/sep/engaging-argument-evidence" hreflang="en">Engaging in Argument from Evidence</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-cc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-2"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/cc/structure-and-function" hreflang="en">Structure and Function</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/cc/patterns" hreflang="en">Patterns</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-dci field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-3"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls1a-structure-and-function" hreflang="en">LS1.A: Structure and Function</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls4a-evidence-common-ancestry-and-diversity" hreflang="en">LS4.A: Evidence of Common Ancestry and Diversity</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls4c-adaptation" hreflang="en">LS4.C: Adaptation</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-toc--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-toc.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-toc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-toc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Table of Contents</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/toc/biological/fish/what-fish/activity-what-fish" hreflang="en">Activity: What is a Fish?</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment-node-activity-page--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--comment-node-activity-page.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--comment-node-activity-page.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <section class="field field--name-comment-node-activity-page field--type-comment field--label-hidden comment-wrapper"> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><h2>Materials</h2> <ul><li>Table 4.1</li> <li>Pen or pencil</li> </ul><p> </p> <p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-1787" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-activity-sheet contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="837ad66a-fb53-4214-a8db-9ee7541e52b9" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">ACTIVITY SHEET</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/sites/default/files/fish%20Table%204.1_1.pdf">Table 4.1. Determine if the following animals are fish.<div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div></p> <h2>Procedure</h2> <ol><li>Imagine that someone who has never seen a fish before asks you to teach him or her about fish. What would you tell them? Answer the question by writing down your own definition of what a fish is.<br />  </li> <li>Compare your definition with a group of your peers’ definitions and work together to refine your definition of a fish. Record your groups’ definition of a fish.<br />  </li> <li>Consider the examples of different animals in Table 4.1. For each example, answer the following questions in the table:<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Based on your groups’ definition, is this animal a fish?</li> <li>Do you want to change your fish definition based on this example, and if so, how?<br />  </li> </ol></li> <li>Use Table 4.1 to help you modify your written definition so that it is your best description of a fish.<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Look back over the organisms in the list. If you think they are fish, then make sure they fit your definition.</li> <li>If you think they are not fish, make sure the wording of your definition excludes them. For example, shrimp fit the definition of “an aquatic animal that breathes with gills.” Since a shrimp is not a fish, you would need to modify this definition to exclude shrimp.</li> </ol></li> </ol><p> </p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-questions--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-questions.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-questions.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-questions field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Activity Questions</div> <div class="field__item"><ol><li>As you developed your group definition of a fish in Step 2,<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>what ideas did your group have that you had not thought of?</li> <li>how did you change your mind about your original definition?<br />  </li> </ol></li> <li>Describe how your definition of a fish changed as you worked through Table 4.1.<br />  </li> <li>Why do you think it is so challenging to define what a fish is?<br />  </li> <li>Why do you think that some animals are called fish when they are not really a fish, for example, jellyfish?<br />  </li> <li>Give your best definition of a fish.</li> </ol></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> Thu, 07 Dec 2017 21:32:22 +0000 fyang 1736 at https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/biological/fish/what-fish/activity-what-fish#comments Question Set: Growth, Development and Reproduction https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/biological/mammals/growth-development-and-reproduction/question-set-growth-development-and-reproduction <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--question-set.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Question Set: Growth, Development and Reproduction</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-display-title--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-display-title.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-display-title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-display-title field--type-string field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Title</div> <div class="field__item">Question Set: Growth, Development and Reproduction</div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--question-set.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <a title="View user profile." href="/exploringourfluidearth/users/fyang" class="username">fyang</a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--question-set.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Thu, 10/19/2017 - 17:35</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-practices field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Science and Engineering Practices</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/sep/engaging-argument-evidence" hreflang="en">Engaging in Argument from Evidence</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-cc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/cc/structure-and-function" hreflang="en">Structure and Function</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-dci field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-2"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls1b-growth-and-development-organisms" hreflang="en">LS1.B: Growth and Development of Organisms</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls2d-social-interactions-and-group-behavior" hreflang="en">LS2.D: Social Interactions and Group Behavior</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-toc--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-toc.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-toc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-toc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Table of Contents</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/toc/biological/mammals/growth-development-and-reproduction/question-set-growth-development-and-reproduction" hreflang="en">Question Set: Growth, Development and Reproduction</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment-node-question-set--question-set.html.twig * field--node--comment-node-question-set.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--comment-node-question-set.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <section class="field field--name-comment-node-question-set field--type-comment field--label-hidden comment-wrapper"> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--question-set.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><ol><li>With the exception of egg-laying monotreme mammals like the echidna and platypus, all mammals give birth to live young.<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>What are some advantages of giving birth to live young (a phenomenon known as <em>viviparity</em>; reproduction through egg-laying is called <em>oviparity</em>)?</li> <li>What are some disadvantages of viviparity?<br />  </li> </ol></li> <li>What are some examples of parental care in marine mammals?<br />  </li> <li>What are the advantages and disadvantages of parental care from the perspective of a parent?</li> </ol></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> Fri, 20 Oct 2017 03:35:33 +0000 fyang 1713 at https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth Activity: Whale Feeding Strategies https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/biological/mammals/energy-acquisition/activity-whale-feeding-strategies <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Activity: Whale Feeding Strategies</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-display-title--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-display-title.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-display-title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-display-title field--type-string field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Title</div> <div class="field__item">Activity: Whale Feeding Strategies</div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <a title="View user profile." href="/exploringourfluidearth/users/fyang" class="username">fyang</a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Thu, 10/19/2017 - 13:14</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-practices field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Science and Engineering Practices</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/sep/planning-and-carrying-out-investigations" hreflang="en">Planning and Carrying Out Investigations</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-cc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-2"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/cc/structure-and-function" hreflang="en">Structure and Function</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/cc/system-and-system-models" hreflang="en">System and System Models</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-dci field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls1a-structure-and-function" hreflang="en">LS1.A: Structure and Function</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-toc--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-toc.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-toc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-toc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Table of Contents</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/toc/biological/mammals/energy-acquisition/activity-whale-feeding-strategies" hreflang="en">Activity: Whale Feeding Strategies</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment-node-activity-page--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--comment-node-activity-page.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--comment-node-activity-page.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <section class="field field--name-comment-node-activity-page field--type-comment field--label-hidden comment-wrapper"> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><h2>Materials</h2> <ul><li>Table 6.4</li> <li>Four buckets or other large containers for liquid</li> <li>Water</li> <li>100 paper hole-punches</li> <li>Four paper towels</li> <li>Permanent marker</li> <li>Plastic pocket combs</li> <li>Plastic zip-top sandwich bags</li> <li>Drinking straws</li> <li>Styrofoam packing peanuts</li> <li>Chopsticks</li> <li>Towels</li> <li>Stopwatch</li> </ul><p> </p> <p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-1709" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-activity-sheet contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="ffb2a9e0-ff91-4107-93fb-9d632355b9a4" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">ACTIVITY SHEET</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/sites/default/files/Table6.4FeedingStrategies.pdf">Table 6.4. Prey captured by different cetacean feeding strategies<div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div></p> <h2>Procedure</h2> <h3>A. Prepare simulated ocean habitats.</h3> <ol><li>Fill the four containers with water.<br />  </li> <li>Use the permanent marker to label four paper towels with the name of each whale group: skimmer, gulper, bubble-netters, and biter.<br />  </li> <li>Sprinkle 25 hole-punches onto the water in each container. These paper hole-punches will represent whale food items such as zooplankton and small fish.</li> </ol><h3>B. Simulate “skimmer” mysticete whales.</h3> <ol><li>Bowhead and right whales feed by skimming the ocean surface with their mouths open. They use the filter-like <strong>baleen</strong> structures in their mouths to catch food items such as small crustaceans or fish. Simulate their feeding by using the plastic pocket combs to represent baleen:<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Approach the first container of water with hole-punches.</li> <li>Dip the tip of the comb teeth into the water.</li> <li>Move the comb across the surface of the water, skimming hole-punches onto the comb.</li> <li>Stop after 15 seconds of feeding.<br />  </li> </ol></li> <li>Gently tap the comb onto the center of the paper towel labeled “skimmer” to dislodge any hole-punches. Reserve the labeled paper towel for later.</li> </ol><h3>C. Simulate “gulper” mysticete whales.</h3> <ol><li>Blue, humpback, fin, and minke whales are examples of “gulper” species. They have expandable throat pouches that can hold larger volumes of seawater and prey. Simulate their feeding by using the plastic sandwich bags and pocket combs to represent gulper throat pouches and baleen, respectively:<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Approach the second container with water and hole-punches.</li> <li>Open the sandwich bag and fill it with water from the container.</li> <li>Seal the sandwich bag and lift it to the surface of the water.<br />  </li> </ol></li> <li>Slowly pour the contents of the bag through the comb and back into the container.<br />  </li> <li>Gently tap the comb onto the center of the paper towel labeled “gulper” to dislodge any hole-punches.<br />  </li> <li>Repeat steps 1–3 and stop after 15 seconds of total feeding time, including scooping and pouring.<br />  </li> <li>Reserve the labeled paper towel for later.</li> </ol><h3>D. Simulate “bubble-netters” humpback whales.</h3> <ol><li>Some humpback whales feed cooperatively in groups by using a strategy called bubble-netting. Simulate their feeding by using the plastic pocket combs to represent their baleen and drinking straws to represent their blowholes:<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Approach the third container with water and hole-punches.</li> <li>Divide your lab group into two teams: bubble-netters and gulpers.</li> <li>Bubble-netters: use the drinking straws to gently blow bubbles into the water near the <u>outer edges of the container</u>. Continue blowing for thirty seconds.</li> <li>Gulpers: after the bubble-netter team has finished blowing their net-bubble, open your sandwich bags and fill them with water from the <u>center of the container</u>. Stop after 15 seconds of feeding.</li> <li>Gulpers: seal the sandwich bag and lift it to the surface of the water.<br />  </li> </ol></li> <li>Slowly pour the contents of each bag through a separate comb and back into the container.<br />  </li> <li>Gently tap the combs onto the center of the paper towel labeled “bubble-netters” to dislodge any hole-punches.<br />  </li> <li>Reserve the labeled paper towel for later.</li> </ol><h3>E. Simulate “biter” odontocete whales.</h3> <ol><li>Odontocete whales do not have baleen. Instead they feed by directly biting their prey with hard, sharp teeth and strong, muscular jaws. Simulate their feeding by using pairs of chopsticks to represent their toothed jaws:<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Approach the fourth and final container with water and hole-punches.</li> <li>Add twenty styrofoam packing peanuts to the water to represent larger prey such as salmon and seals.<br />  </li> </ol></li> <li>Use the chopsticks to try to grasp either of the simulated food items and place them onto the paper towel labeled “biter.” Try to capture as much prey as possible but stop after 15 seconds of feeding.<br />  </li> <li>Reserve the labeled paper towel for later.</li> </ol><h3>F. Compare feeding strategies used by whales.</h3> <ol><li>Place all four labeled paper towels next to each other and examine them closely. What observations can you make from this rough comparison?<br />  </li> <li>Count the simulated prey items on each paper towel. Record your data in Table 6.4.<br />  </li> <li>Divide your prey capture counts by the number of feeding participants in each simulation. Record your data in Table 6.4.<br />  </li> <li>Use a cloth towel to clean your table.</li> </ol><p> </p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-questions--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-questions.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-questions.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-questions field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Activity Questions</div> <div class="field__item"><ol><li>The activity simulated three different feeding strategies used by mysticete whales and one feeding strategy used by odontocete whales. Which mysticete feeding strategy appeared to work the best for you?<br />  </li> <li>Compare your findings between the gulper-feeding and the bubble-netting feeding stations. Which feeding strategy captured more prey?<br />  </li> <li>Compare your findings with those of your fellow student-scientists. Did others have similar or dissimilar results?<br />  </li> <li>During the bubble-netting simulation, one team worked as gulpers collecting food while the other team exhaled the bubble-net. Does your answer to question 1 change if you consider the lack of feeding by the bubble-net team?<br />  </li> <li>Consider the “biter” paper towel representing the prey captured by an odontocete whale such as a dolphin, sperm whale, or killer whale. Based on your results, would it be better for an odontocete to try to bite larger prey (salmon and seals) or smaller prey (small fish and zooplankton)?<br />  </li> <li>In what circumstances would bubble-net feeding be less efficient than gulping or skimming? When would bubble-netting be most efficient for all group members (of both teams, taking turns feeding and bubble-netting)?</li> </ol></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> Thu, 19 Oct 2017 23:14:25 +0000 fyang 1708 at https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/biological/mammals/energy-acquisition/activity-whale-feeding-strategies#comments Question Set: Adaptations https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/biological/mammals/adaptations/question-set-adaptations <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--question-set.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Question Set: Adaptations</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-display-title--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-display-title.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-display-title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-display-title field--type-string field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Title</div> <div class="field__item">Question Set: Adaptations</div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--question-set.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <a title="View user profile." href="/exploringourfluidearth/users/fyang" class="username">fyang</a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--question-set.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Thu, 10/12/2017 - 09:17</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-practices field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Science and Engineering Practices</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/sep/engaging-argument-evidence" hreflang="en">Engaging in Argument from Evidence</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-cc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/cc/structure-and-function" hreflang="en">Structure and Function</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-dci field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls4c-adaptation" hreflang="en">LS4.C: Adaptation</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-toc--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-toc.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-toc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-toc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Table of Contents</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/toc/biological/mammals/adaptations/question-set-adaptations" hreflang="en">Question Set: Adaptations</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment-node-question-set--question-set.html.twig * field--node--comment-node-question-set.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--comment-node-question-set.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <section class="field field--name-comment-node-question-set field--type-comment field--label-hidden comment-wrapper"> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--question-set.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><ol><li>All cetacean species are considered obligate swimmers because they are restricted to aquatic habitats. Unlike seals, whales cannot live on land.<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>What are some physical adaptations that help cetaceans survive in water?</li> <li>How do these adaptations compare with those of other marine mammals that are not obligate swimmers?<br />  </li> </ol></li> <li>The polar bear (<em>Ursus maritimus</em>) is the only extant species in the bear family considered to be a marine mammal.<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>What makes the polar bear marine in nature?</li> <li>How is this species adapted to life in and around the ocean?</li> <li>How are polar bears adapted to survive in the cold arctic?<br />  </li> </ol></li> <li>The fins of a dolphin look roughly similar to those found on sharks. However, a shark is a type of fish while a dolphin is a type of mammal. Describe the evolutionary relationship between dolphins and sharks.<br />  </li> <li>The sea otter and the marine otter are some of the only marine mammal species without blubber. How have these otter species adapted to maintain a stable body temperature in a coastal marine environment?<br />  </li> <li>Diving physiology in marine mammals<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>What are some of the physical challenges faced by deep-diving marine mammals?</li> <li>What adaptations have allowed them to succeed?</li> </ol></li> </ol></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> Thu, 12 Oct 2017 19:17:05 +0000 fyang 1705 at https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/biological/mammals/adaptations/question-set-adaptations#comments Activity: Insulation in Marine Mammals https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/biological/mammals/adaptations/activity-insulation-marine-mammals <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Activity: Insulation in Marine Mammals</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-display-title--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-display-title.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-display-title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-display-title field--type-string field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Title</div> <div class="field__item">Activity: Insulation in Marine Mammals</div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <a title="View user profile." href="/exploringourfluidearth/users/fyang" class="username">fyang</a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Thu, 10/12/2017 - 08:41</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-practices field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Science and Engineering Practices</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/sep/planning-and-carrying-out-investigations" hreflang="en">Planning and Carrying Out Investigations</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-cc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-2"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/cc/system-and-system-models" hreflang="en">System and System Models</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/cc/structure-and-function" hreflang="en">Structure and Function</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-dci field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls1a-structure-and-function" hreflang="en">LS1.A: Structure and Function</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-toc--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-toc.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-toc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-toc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Table of Contents</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/toc/biological/mammals/adaptations/activity-insulation-marine-mammals" hreflang="en">Activity: Insulation in Marine Mammals</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment-node-activity-page--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--comment-node-activity-page.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--comment-node-activity-page.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <section class="field field--name-comment-node-activity-page field--type-comment field--label-hidden comment-wrapper"> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><h2>Materials</h2> <ul><li>Table 6.3</li> <li>Water</li> <li>Ice</li> <li>Two buckets or other large liquid container</li> <li>Vegetable shortening (e.g., Crisco)</li> <li>Bubble wrap</li> <li>Laboratory or exam gloves</li> <li>Two quart-sized plastic food storage bags</li> <li>Stopwatch</li> <li>Long metal probe thermometers or other temperature sensors</li> <li>Masking tape (optional)</li> <li>Computer (optional)</li> <li>Towels</li> </ul><div class="embed"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-1702" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-activity-sheet contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="6d877120-c8da-474c-b916-568d9b5317fb" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">ACTIVITY SHEET</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/sites/default/files/Table6.3-blubberexperiments.pdf">Table 6.3. Data recording table for blubber experiments<div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div></div> <h2>Procedure</h2> <ol><li>Fill one bucket halfway with ice. Add water until the bucket is mostly filled, leaving approximately 10 centimeters (cm) of space from the water level to the upper rim of the bucket.<br />  </li> <li>Fill one bucket halfway with room temperature or lukewarm water.<br />  </li> <li>Each student will rotate through three different roles as time allows: technician, researcher, and data recorder.<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Technicians will prepare activity materials for the researcher.</li> <li>Researchers will conduct the actual experiment as a test subject.</li> <li>Data recorder will measure and record data from the experiment and assist the technician.<br />  </li> </ol></li> <li>Researcher<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Put on one exam glove over one hand</li> <li>Gently insert the metal probe thermometer into the cuff of the glove and down the palm-side of your hand. The tip of the thermometer should be near the middle knuckle of your middle finger. Be sure to keep your fingers straight throughout this experiment.<br />  </li> </ol></li> <li>Technician<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Label two plastic sandwich bags as “Bag #1” and “Bag #2”</li> <li>Place Bag #1 over the researcher’s gloved hand</li> <li>Place Bag #2 over Bag #1 on the researcher’s gloved hand</li> <li>This combination of exam glove + Bag #1 + Bag #2 will serve as the “bare” experimental treatment and represent a mammal without blubber or dense fur.<br />  </li> </ol></li> <li>Data recorder<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Record the temperature reading from the thermometer.</li> <li>As soon as the researcher’s hand becomes submerged in the water, begin the stopwatch.</li> <li>Repeatedly record temperature readings from the thermometer every ten seconds.<br />  </li> </ol></li> <li>Researcher<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Submerge the gloved hand into the bucket of ice water up to your wrist level. Do not allow water to flow into the glove or bags.</li> <li>Keep the gloved hand submerged for 90 seconds or until the thermometer reads 15.0 °C. <strong>Remove your hand from the ice water earlier if you feel pain</strong>.</li> <li>After removing your hand from the ice water, slowly submerge it wrist-deep into the lukewarm water bucket.</li> <li>Allow the thermometer temperature to return to within 2 °C of the previous starting temperature before moving on to the next step.<br />  </li> </ol></li> <li>Technician<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Prepare the following experimental treatments using bubble wrap and vegetable shortening as follows:<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-roman;"><li>Prepare the “fur” experimental treatment by having the researcher wear the exam glove, then Bag #1 over it. Then apply a layer of bubble wrap around Bag #1 and cover with Bag #2. The researcher should be wearing the glove + Bag #1 + bubble wrap + Bag #2.</li> <li>Prepare the “blubber” experimental treatment by having the researcher wear the exam glove. Slather a generous layer of vegetable shortening on the outside of the exam glove, then cover with Bag #1, then Bag #2. The researcher should be wearing the glove + vegetable shortening + Bag #1 + Bag #2.</li> <li>Prepare the combined “blubber” + “fur” treatment by removing Bag #2 from the previous “blubber” treatment. Apply a layer of bubble wrap around Bag #1, then cover with Bag #2. The researcher should be wearing the glove + vegetable shortening + Bag #1 + bubble wrap + Bag #2.</li> </ol></li> <li>Repeat steps 6 and 7 for each of these experimental treatments.<br />  </li> </ol></li> <li>Record all data in Table 6.3. Repeat experiments for all group members in all roles.<br />  </li> <li>Using graph paper or computer software, plot your data onto a single line graph showing how the thermometer temperature changed over time with each experimental treatment.</li> </ol><p> </p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-questions--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-questions.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-questions.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-questions field--type-text-long field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Activity Questions</div> <div class="field__item"><ol><li>Examine your findings in Table 6.3 and your plotted line graph. Describe some overall trends you observe. Which treatment produced the coldest temperature in the shortest period of time?<br />  </li> <li>How did the bubble wrap simulate fur in marine mammals?<br />  </li> <li>Estimate the temperature of the ice water. Use a thermometer to record the actual temperature. Sea surface temperatures in the north Pacific ocean basin can range from 4 to 12 °C year round. How does the temperature of the bucket of ice water compare to that of the north Pacific?<br />  </li> <li>Most marine mammals have thick layers of blubber. How might this blubber serve as an adaptation to increase a species’ chances of survival?<br />  </li> <li>Pinnipeds and the polar bear have thick fur in addition to their blubber and fat. The polar bear is so well insulated that it cannot be seen by heat-imaging thermal cameras. How might fur serve to keep these marine mammals warm?</li> </ol></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> Thu, 12 Oct 2017 18:41:26 +0000 fyang 1701 at https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/biological/mammals/adaptations/activity-insulation-marine-mammals#comments Question Set: Evidence of Common Ancestry and Diversity https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/biological/mammals/evidence-common-ancestry-and-diversity/question-set-evidence-common-ancestry-and-diversity <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--question-set.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Question Set: Evidence of Common Ancestry and Diversity</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-display-title--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-display-title.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-display-title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-display-title field--type-string field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Title</div> <div class="field__item">Question Set: Evidence of Common Ancestry and Diversity</div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--question-set.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <a title="View user profile." href="/exploringourfluidearth/users/fyang" class="username">fyang</a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--question-set.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Thu, 10/05/2017 - 03:15</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-practices field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Science and Engineering Practices</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/sep/engaging-argument-evidence" hreflang="en">Engaging in Argument from Evidence</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-cc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/cc/structure-and-function" hreflang="en">Structure and Function</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-dci field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls4a-evidence-common-ancestry-and-diversity" hreflang="en">LS4.A: Evidence of Common Ancestry and Diversity</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-toc--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-toc.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-toc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-toc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Table of Contents</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/toc/biological/mammals/evidence-common-ancestry-and-diversity/question-set-evidence-common-ancestry-and-diversity" hreflang="en">Question Set: Evidence of Common Ancestry and Diversity</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment-node-question-set--question-set.html.twig * field--node--comment-node-question-set.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--comment-node-question-set.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <section class="field field--name-comment-node-question-set field--type-comment field--label-hidden comment-wrapper"> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--question-set.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p> </p> <p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-1721" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-teacher-guide contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="edc9702e-ee94-4a9f-a536-e845cff8e208" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">TEACHER GUIDE</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/sites/default/files/2022-11/Question%20Set%20Evidence%20of%20Common%20Ancestry%20and%20Diversity%20%28Teacher%27s%20Version%20with%20Answers%29.pdf">Question Set: Evidence of Common Ancestry and Diversity (Teacher's Version with Answers)<div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div></p> <ol><li>The latest scientific evidence shows that cetaceans share common evolutionary ancestry with sheep, deer, and hippopotamuses. Is this research finding surprising to you? Why?<br />  </li> <li>Convergent evolution<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Use your own words to define the term <em>convergence</em> in the context of evolution.</li> <li>What are some examples of convergent evolution in marine mammals?</li> <li>What are some examples of convergent evolution in other animal groups?<br />  </li> </ol></li> <li>Does the term <em>marine mammal</em> provide any information about the group’s evolutionary history? Explain your answer in detail.<br />  </li> <li>Describe the evolutionary relationship between mammals and the following animal groups:<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Sea urchins and sea stars (phylum Echinodermata)</li> <li>Fish</li> <li>Reptiles</li> </ol></li> </ol></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> Thu, 05 Oct 2017 13:15:49 +0000 fyang 1699 at https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/biological/mammals/evidence-common-ancestry-and-diversity/question-set-evidence-common-ancestry-and-diversity#comments Question Set: Structure and Function https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/biological/mammals/structure-and-function/question-set-structure-and-function <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--question-set.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Question Set: Structure and Function</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-display-title--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-display-title.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-display-title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-display-title field--type-string field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Title</div> <div class="field__item">Question Set: Structure and Function</div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--question-set.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <a title="View user profile." href="/exploringourfluidearth/users/fyang" class="username">fyang</a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--question-set.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Wed, 09/27/2017 - 16:15</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-practices field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Science and Engineering Practices</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/sep/engaging-argument-evidence" hreflang="en">Engaging in Argument from Evidence</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-cc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/cc/structure-and-function" hreflang="en">Structure and Function</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-dci field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/curriculum-alignment/ngss/dci/ls1a-structure-and-function" hreflang="en">LS1.A: Structure and Function</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-toc--question-set.html.twig * field--node--field-toc.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--field-toc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-toc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Table of Contents</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/exploringourfluidearth/toc/biological/mammals/structure-and-function/question-set-structure-and-function" hreflang="en">Question Set: Structure and Function</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment-node-question-set--question-set.html.twig * field--node--comment-node-question-set.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--comment-node-question-set.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <section class="field field--name-comment-node-question-set field--type-comment field--label-hidden comment-wrapper"> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--question-set.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--question-set.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><ol><li>All mammal species are capable of lactating, or producing milk, to feed their offspring. What is the importance of lactation in the survival of mammals?<br />  </li> <li>All mammals have hair, but some species have more than others. Many cetaceans, such as the bottlenose dolphin, appear to be hairless.<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>What is the significance of hair in mammals?</li> <li>What are some advantages and disadvatages of hair for marine mammals?<br />  </li> </ol></li> <li>Complete the missing fields in Table 6.1.<br />  </li> <li>Placental mammals<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>What is a placenta?</li> <li>Which mammals have placentas and which do not? Give several examples of each group.</li> <li>What role does the placenta play in the growth and development of most mammal species?</li> </ol></li> </ol><div class="embed"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-1697" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-activity-sheet contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="336ba715-ecd2-41db-932c-0bab88bd29c0" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">ACTIVITY SHEET</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/sites/default/files/Table6.1-AnatomicalFeatures.pdf">Table 6.1. Important anatomical features of marine mammals<div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div><p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-1698" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-teacher-guide contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="a4b464ac-251c-423c-8633-bdce88fc03c6" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">TEACHER GUIDE</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/sites/default/files/2022-11/Table%206.1_0.pdf">Table 6.1. Important anatomical features of marine mammals (Teacher's version)<div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div></p></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> Thu, 28 Sep 2017 02:15:50 +0000 fyang 1694 at https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth