Apply the OLP in these units http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/ en ACTIVITY: Can Plants Grow Without Soil? http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-5/life-science/materials-plant-growth/activity-can-plants-grow-without-soil <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">ACTIVITY: Can Plants Grow Without Soil?</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-display-title--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-display-title.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-display-title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-display-title field--type-string field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Title</div> <div class="field__item"><h1>ACTIVITY: Can Plants Grow Without Soil?</h1> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/sealearning/users/kanesa" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">kanesa</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Wed, 08/14/2019 - 10:59</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-practices field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-2"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Science and Engineering Practices</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/674" hreflang="en">Engaging in Argument from Evidence</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/675" hreflang="en">Planning and Carrying Out Investigations</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-ngss-se-link-text--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-ngss-se-link-text.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-ngss-se-link-text.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-ngss-se-link-text field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">NGSS Science and Engineering Linking Text</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Students collect data and measure the growth of plants grown without soil, interpret and explain their results, and provide reasoning for their explanation.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-cc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/687" hreflang="en">Energy and Matter</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-ngss-cc-link-text--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-ngss-cc-link-text.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-ngss-cc-link-text.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-ngss-cc-link-text field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts Linking Text</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Students observe plants growing over time and reflect on the flow of energy and matter that made that happen.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-dci field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/711" hreflang="en">LS1.C: Organization for Matter and Energy Flow in Organisms</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-ngss-dc-link-text--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-ngss-dc-link-text.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-ngss-dc-link-text.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-ngss-dc-link-text field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas Linking Text</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Students manipulate different variables and compare plant growth to interpret the flow of energy and matter.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-toc--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-toc.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-toc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-toc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Table of Contents</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/table-contents/activity-can-plants-grow-without-soil" hreflang="en">Activity: Can plants grow without soil?</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment-node-activity-page--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--comment-node-activity-page.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--comment-node-activity-page.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <section class="field field--name-comment-node-activity-page field--type-comment field--label-hidden comment-wrapper"> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"><tbody><tr><td>The activity below draws from the content in the page <strong><a href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-5/life-science/hydroponics">Materials for Plant Growth</a></strong></td> </tr></tbody></table><h2> </h2> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--third-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--third-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-right media media--type-image media--view-mode-third-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Emily Sesno&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LS_Plant_in_Water.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/third_page/public/5LS_Plant_in_Water.jpg?itok=f6JqzyUt" width="254" height="339" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 1. This plant has been growing only in water for almost a year!&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-third-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 1. This plant has been growing only in water for almost a year!</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Emily Sesno</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><p>Phenomenon:</p> <p>Plants can grow without soil (Fig. 1)!</p> <p><span style="font-size: 1.385em; font-weight: bold;">Inquiry:</span></p> <p>What do plants need to grow?</p> <h2>Guiding Questions:</h2> <ol><li>What do you think plants need to grow?</li> <li>What do plants get from the soil? </li> <li>What do plants get from the air? </li> </ol><hr /><table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"><tbody><tr><td> <p><strong>Teacher Recommendations:</strong></p> <p><strong>Common Misconceptions About Plant Growth:</strong></p> <ul><li>Students may not recognize that there are components in the air that plants need to grow. Plants use the carbon from CO<sub>2</sub>, combined with water, to build their body mass.</li> <li>Students may think that plants need soil to build their body mass. This is especially complicated because animals get the building blocks they need from food, which is visible. Soil is also visible, and many plants are rooted in soil, so it is natural for students to think the bulk of plants' bodies comes from the soil. Many plants do get stability from rooting in the soil, and often plants also get nutrients and water from soil, but nutrients and water can come from sources other than soil.</li> </ul></td> </tr></tbody></table><hr /><h2>Activity:</h2> <p>Establish a simple system to grow plants in water. Then, manipulate other variables to explore what affects growth.</p> <hr /><h2>Materials:</h2> <ul><li>Student worksheet and teacher guide (attached below)<br />  <br /> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-2184" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-activity-sheet contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="c4fedf84-254e-47fa-a52d-2ffc3262a04b" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">ACTIVITY SHEET</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LS_Plants%20Without%20Soil_Activity%20Sheet.pdf">Student Worksheet: Can Plants Grow Without Soil <div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div><br />   <p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-2185" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-activity-sheet contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="f806f7b1-3b56-4a02-9bc0-1332191d9ec7" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">ACTIVITY SHEET</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LS_Plants%20Without%20Soil_Extra%20Data%20Sheet.pdf">Extra Data Sheet: Can Plants Grow Without Soil <div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'filter_caption' --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content-edit/filter-caption.html.twig' --><figure role="group" class="caption caption-drupal-entity"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-2194" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-teacher-guide contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="e6f0bf7c-10ed-4063-bd2d-dbf6d0f9412b" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">TEACHER GUIDE</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LS_Plants%20Without%20Soil_Teacher%20Guide_4.pdf">Teacher Guide: Can Plants Grow Without Soil <div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div><figcaption><em>This teacher guide follows the procedure written here and in the student worksheet with additional instructions and guidelines. We highly recommend starting this activity by introducing the <strong>Phenomenon</strong>, <strong>Inquiry</strong>, and <strong>Guiding Questions</strong> from the top of this webpage.</em></figcaption></figure><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content-edit/filter-caption.html.twig' --></p></li> <li>Basil plant clippings (2 per group)</li> <li>Recycled 2L bottles (2 per group)</li> <li>Small glass cups (2 of the same size per group)</li> <li>Scissors or knife (teacher supervision required to cut hole in bottle)</li> <li>Water for the basil plants to grow in</li> <li>Ruler</li> <li>Permanent marker</li> <li>Mesh material (for shade cloth; can use cheesecloth)</li> <li>Nutrients (e.g. plant food such as miracle-gro from hardware store is fine)</li> <li>Metal or silicone straw</li> <li>Counter or table space with sunlight for growing the basil plants</li> </ul><table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"><tbody><tr><td> <p><strong>Teacher Recommendations:</strong></p> <ul><li> <p>This activity set-up forms the basis of an experiment to determine what factors influence plant growth. From here students will manipulate variables and compare what plants need to grow. Student groups can conduct different trials and compare results with the rest of the class. You may want to demonstrate your own version first and use that set-up as the control, with no manipulations, which can then be used to compare with the student results.</p> </li> <li> <p>Each group may conduct all three trials, or you may split the trials so that each group does one trial.</p> </li> <li> <p>If there are many groups, more than one group can also conduct the same trial, exploring the same variable. This creates replicates, an important componant in scientific studies.</p> </li> </ul><hr /><ul><li> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--third-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--third-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-right media media--type-image media--view-mode-third-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Marco Verch courtesy of &lt;a data-cke-saved-href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/30478819@N08/31234762448/in/photostream/&quot; href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/30478819@N08/31234762448/in/photostream/&quot;&gt;Flickr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LS_Act_No_Plastic.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/third_page/public/5LS_Act_No_Plastic.jpg?itok=0zKwDI86" width="254" height="169" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig 2. A world wrapped in plastic is not a healthy world. Avoid using single use plastics when you can, and if it canʻt be avoided, re-use and recycle it.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-third-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig 2. A world wrapped in plastic is not a healthy world. Avoid using single use plastics when you can, and if it canʻt be avoided, re-use and recycle it.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Marco Verch courtesy of <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/30478819@N08/31234762448/in/photostream/">Flickr</a></p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><p> In an attempt to limit single use plastics, this activity is written to encourage recycling efforts. A student assignment could be to find used soda bottles to re-use for this activity, and discussions could incorporate the importance of re-using and recycling (Fig. 2). </p></li> <li>This activity requires care and maintence over time, as it may take two weeks or more to see ample plant growth.</li> <li>The following instructions are written for the use of a basil plant because they grow quickly and easily. Further investigation could be conducted to grow different plants.</li> <li>This activity is designed to be the first of a series of activities to explore this performance expectation. The activities <a href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-5/life-science/hydroponics/activity-build-hydroponics-system">Build a Hydroponic System</a> and <a href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-5-life-science-topic-1-activity">Aquaponics in a Bottle</a> build on this base understanding. </li> </ul></td> </tr></tbody></table><h2>Procedure:</h2> <ol><li>Follow along on your worksheet to set up your experiment and answer questions.</li> </ol><h3><strong>Set up your experiment!</strong></h3> <ol start="2"><li> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--third-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--third-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-right media media--type-image media--view-mode-third-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Emily Sesno&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/3LS_Act_Basil_Measure.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/third_page/public/3LS_Act_Basil_Measure.jpg?itok=NOem_4Sd" width="254" height="308" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 3. Measure the basil from base to tip of the stem, ignoring leaves.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-third-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 3. Measure the basil from base to tip of the stem, ignoring leaves.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Emily Sesno</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><p> Use a ruler and scissors to cut your basil clippings so they are the same size. Measure from the base to the tip of the stem, without including leaves (Fig. 3).</p></li> <li>Write down the length of your basil clippings on your data sheet.</li> <li>Add about an inch of water to the bottom of both glasses. Be sure both cups have an equal amount of water.</li> <li>Draw a line on the glass to mark the water level. As water evaporates over time, refill water up to the line.</li> <li>Place one basil clipping in each glass so the base of the stem is submerged (Fig. 4).</li> <li>Cut the top off of your recycled 2L bottles to create the ʻgrow domesʻ for your plants.</li> <li>With help from your teacher, cut a small hole in the side of each grow dome. Clean the domes.</li> <li>Place a 'grow dome' upside down on top of each of your two basil plants (Fig. 5).</li> </ol><hr /><p> </p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-left media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Dr. Judy Lemus&lt;/p&gt;&#10;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LS_Act__Two_Basils.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/5LS_Act__Two_Basils.jpg?itok=KkdEu1Gb" width="400" height="283" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 4. Can basil clippings in a glass of water continue growing?&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 4. Can basil clippings in a glass of water continue growing?</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Dr. Judy Lemus</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><article class="align-left media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Judy Lemus&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LS_Act__Grow_Dome_on_both.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/5LS_Act__Grow_Dome_on_both.jpg?itok=43fjM-Pe" width="400" height="283" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 5. Model 'grow-domes' with a hole for a straw.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 5. Model 'grow-domes' with a hole for a straw.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Judy Lemus</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><hr /><h3><strong>Perform your manipulations!</strong></h3> <ol start="10"><li> <p>Label each glass and corresponding grow-dome A or B. </p> <ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin-left: 40px;"><li> <p>You will apply manipulations to the plant labeled A.</p> </li> <li> <p>Leave plant B alone to grow as your contol.</p> </li> <li> <p>Don't mix them up!</p> </li> </ol></li> <li>​Allow both plants to grow under the 'grow domes.'<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin-left: 40px;"><li>Keep the water levels at the line drawn on each glass.</li> <li>Measure plant A and B periodically and write the heights on your data sheet.</li> </ol></li> <li>Conduct one of the following trials to manipulate one variable: carbon dioxide (CO2), nutrients, or light.</li> </ol><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><u><strong>Trial #1: Extra CO<sub>2</sub></strong></u></p> <ol start="1" style="margin-left: 80px; list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li> <p>Using the metal or silicone straw, blow into plant A to add CO<sub>2.</sub></p> </li> <li> <p>Set up a schedule so you can add CO<sub>2</sub> as often as possible at regular and consistent intervals<strong><strong>. </strong></strong></p> </li> </ol><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><u><strong>Trial #2: Extra Nutrients</strong></u></p> <ol start="1" style="margin-left: 40px; list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li style="margin-left: 40px;">Follow the instructions on your plant food mixture to add nutrients to plant A at regular intervals. Once a week should be fine, but you can also experiment with different intervals.<br /><em>Note: Keep in mind, your plants are not in very much water, so be sure you don't add too much of the nutrient mix!</em></li> </ol><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><u><strong>Trial #3: Limit Light</strong></u></p> <ol start="1" style="margin-left: 40px; list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li style="margin-left: 40px;">Place the mesh cloth over plant A to limit the amount of light available. Tape it down so it stays in the same position for the whole experimental period.<br /><em>Note: You may need to double up the mesh cloth or use a different material to limit the light more fully. </em></li> <li style="margin-left: 40px;">Let both plants grow for the designated time, ensuring they both have enough water. </li> </ol><hr /><h2>Activity Questions:</h2> <ol><li>What variable did you test in your experiment?</li> <li>Which of your plants (A or B) grew more? By how much? </li> <li>What else did you notice about the structure of your plant? Describe the growth of both plants. (<em>Hint: look at other structures like the roots or leaves (Fig. 6A and 6B</em>).)</li> </ol><hr /><p> </p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-left media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Dr. Judy Lemus&lt;/p&gt;&#10;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/3LS_Act__Root_A.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/3LS_Act__Root_A.jpg?itok=4or-RtUn" width="400" height="300" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 6A. It's important to observe different aspects of plant growth in your experiment.This plant was grown with extra CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 6A. It's important to observe different aspects of plant growth in your experiment.This plant was grown with extra CO<sub>2</sub>.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Dr. Judy Lemus</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><article class="align-left media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Dr. Judy Lemus&lt;/p&gt;&#10;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LS_Act__Root_B.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/5LS_Act__Root_B.jpg?itok=MB8xCBpJ" width="400" height="300" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 6B. How do the root structures differ between treatments? This is a plant grown without any additional CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 6B. How do the root structures differ between treatments? This is a plant grown without any additional CO<sub>2</sub>.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Dr. Judy Lemus</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><hr /><ol start="4"><li>If another group looked at the same variable, how do your results compare to theirs?</li> <li>Compare the results across the three variable trials: CO<sub>2</sub>, nutrients, and light. (<em>Hint: did you observe differences in plant health, root structure, stem growth, quantity and/or color of leaves, etc.?</em>)</li> <li>What variables contribute to plant growth? Use data from your class' experiments to support your statement.</li> <li>Why is it important to control as many variables as possible in an experiment? (<em>Hint: why did each trial look at only one variable? Why did each trial have a control (plant B)?</em>)</li> <li>What are the minimum requirements that plants need to grow?</li> </ol><hr /><h2>Further Investigations:</h2> <ol><li><strong>Grow your plant as fast as possible: </strong>Using data from your class trials, combine nutrients, CO<sub>2</sub>, and light to grow your plant as fast as possible.</li> <li><strong>What else do plants need: </strong>Choose another variable you would like to manipulate, make a plan, and explore that in an experiment.</li> <li><strong><strong>Explore your plant's need for water:</strong></strong><br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin-left: 40px;"><li>Transplant your plants to soil. </li> <li>Saturate both plants' soil with water.</li> <li>Continue to water plant B, but stop watering plant A. </li> </ol></li> <li><strong>Sprout some seeds</strong>: Consider doing the sprout activity to explore how seeds can grow without soil.<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin-left: 40px;"><li>Compare your results and discuss how plants get the materials they need to grow cheifly from air and water.<br /> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-2047" class="node node-activity-page special-feature-type-activity contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="33e48b39-ce57-40ba-b2d5-680453b894a2" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">ACTIVITY</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="/sealearning/grade-5/life-science/materials-plant-growth/activity-sprout-your-own-sprouts" hreflang="und">Sprout Your Own Sprouts</a> </h2> <div class="field-item even"><p></p></div> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div></li> </ol></li> </ol><p> </p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> Wed, 14 Aug 2019 20:59:38 +0000 kanesa 2062 at http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning ACTIVITY: Eroding Beaches http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-3/physical-science/forces-waves/activity-eroding-beaches <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">ACTIVITY: Eroding Beaches</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-display-title--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-display-title.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-display-title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-display-title field--type-string field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Title</div> <div class="field__item"><h1>ACTIVITY: Eroding Beaches</h1> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/sealearning/users/kanesa" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">kanesa</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Wed, 08/14/2019 - 10:50</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-practices field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Science and Engineering Practices</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/675" hreflang="en">Planning and Carrying Out Investigations</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-ngss-se-link-text--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-ngss-se-link-text.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-ngss-se-link-text.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-ngss-se-link-text field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">NGSS Science and Engineering Linking Text</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Students investigate the influence of waves on beach erosion.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-cc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/683" hreflang="en">Cause and Effect</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-ngss-cc-link-text--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-ngss-cc-link-text.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-ngss-cc-link-text.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-ngss-cc-link-text field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts Linking Text</div> <div class="field__item"><p>By modeling the movement of waves, students simulate an unbalanced force that affects the beach profile.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-dci field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-2"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/695" hreflang="en">PS2.A: Forces and Motion</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/696" hreflang="en">PS2.B: Types of Interactions</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-ngss-dc-link-text--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-ngss-dc-link-text.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-ngss-dc-link-text.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-ngss-dc-link-text field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas Linking Text</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Using a model of the ocean interacting with a shoreline, students observe how the force of ocean waves can move beach sand.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-toc--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-toc.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-toc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-toc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Table of Contents</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/1622" hreflang="en">Activity: Eroding Beaches</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment-node-activity-page--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--comment-node-activity-page.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--comment-node-activity-page.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <section class="field field--name-comment-node-activity-page field--type-comment field--label-hidden comment-wrapper"> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>The activity below draws from the content in the page <strong><a href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-3/physical-science/coastal-erosion">The Forces of Waves</a>. </strong><br /> Additional information on balanced and unbalanced forces can be found in the previous topic <strong><a href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-3-physical-science-topic-1">The Forces of Wind</a></strong>.</em></td> </tr></tbody></table><h2> </h2> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-right media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Dr. Bradley Romine, a coastal geologist and coastal management specialist with the &lt;a data-cke-saved-href=&quot;https://seagrant.noaa.gov/News/Article/ArtMID/1660/ArticleID/573/Confronting-Shoreline-Erosion-on-Oahu&quot; href=&quot;https://seagrant.noaa.gov/News/Article/ArtMID/1660/ArticleID/573/Confronting-Shoreline-Erosion-on-Oahu&quot;&gt;University of Hawai‘i Sea Grant College Program&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/coastal_erosion_n_shore_romine.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/coastal_erosion_n_shore_romine.jpg?itok=PqdgL8ME" width="400" height="267" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 1. Waves cause severe beach erosion on the North Shore of Oʻahu.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 1. Waves cause severe beach erosion on the North Shore of Oʻahu.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Dr. Bradley Romine, a coastal geologist and coastal management specialist with the <a href="https://seagrant.noaa.gov/News/Article/ArtMID/1660/ArticleID/573/Confronting-Shoreline-Erosion-on-Oahu">University of Hawai‘i Sea Grant College Program</a></p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><p>Phenomenon:</p> <p>The force of water can change the shape of a beach very quickly (Fig. 1)!</p> <h2>Inquiry:</h2> <p>How do wave forces affect sand movement?</p> <h2>Guiding Questions:</h2> <ol><li>Imagine a beach without any waves. Do you think the sand will move?</li> <li>What forces might cause the sand to move?</li> <li>How can the force of waves change the shape of the coastline?</li> </ol><h2>Activity:</h2> <p>Explore the effect of wave forces on sand movement.</p> <hr /><h2>Materials:</h2> <ul><li>Student Worksheet and Teacher Answer Key (attached below):<br /> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-2151" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-activity-sheet contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="4ae5b8f2-5cc4-4f62-af6e-33adb9012f25" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">ACTIVITY SHEET</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/sites/default/files/3PS_The%20Forces%20of%20Waves_Activity%20Sheet.pdf">Student Worksheet: The Forces of Waves<div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'filter_caption' --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content-edit/filter-caption.html.twig' --><figure role="group" class="caption caption-drupal-entity"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-2166" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-teacher-guide contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="7915aa8a-8653-4984-9f9d-ca57ce1ff82d" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">TEACHER GUIDE</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/sites/default/files/3PS_The%20Force%20of%20Waves_Teacher%20Guide_1.pdf">Teacher Guide: The Forces of Waves<div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div><figcaption>This teacher guide follows the procedure written here and in the student worksheet with additional instructions and guidelines. We highly recommend starting this activity by introducing the Phenomenon, Inquiry, and Guiding Questions from the top of this webpage.</figcaption></figure><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content-edit/filter-caption.html.twig' --></li> <li>Small rectangular dish</li> <li>Sand</li> <li>Rocks</li> <li>Water</li> <li>Flat Wooden Spatula</li> <li>Food coloring</li> <li>Toothpicks</li> <li>Permanent markers (different colors)</li> <li>Metronome (or access to the internet; searching for "metronome" will provide multiple options for free) </li> <li>Ruler</li> </ul><table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"><tbody><tr><td> <p><strong>Teacher Recommendations</strong>:</p> <p>Notes on materials:</p> <ul><li>Dish - about 20cm X 10 cm and 5cm high works well (need one per group)</li> <li>Sand - about 3 cups per container (can be purchased from a local hardware store)</li> <li>Water - about 3 cups per container</li> <li>Spatula - or other type of paddle to generate waves (about 10cm across)</li> <li>Food coloring - will need a few drops per container</li> <li>Toothpicks - about 6 per container</li> <li>Markers - to write on the side of the dish and mark the beach profile. Spare markers might be helpful in case they get wet.</li> <li>Metronome - to help keep wave force consistent (recommend 60 waves per minute for two minutes)</li> </ul></td> </tr></tbody></table><hr /><h2>Procedure:</h2> <h3><strong>Part A. Make a beach simulation tank (Fig. 2)</strong></h3> <ol><li>Follow instructions on your worksheet to model beach erosion.</li> <li>Use the ruler to mark at each centimeter along the sides of your dish. This will help you measure beach erosion throughout the experiment.</li> <li>Add enough sand to your dish that it covers the bottom. Push it all to one side to form a sloping beach.</li> <li>Add water to your ocean model to cover the bottom of your dish and some of the sand.<br /><em>Note: There should be a section of beach above the water line (about 2 inches wide</em>)</li> <li>Add a few drops of food coloring to your water so that it is easier to see.</li> <li>Reform your beach to ensure:<br /><ol start="1" style="margin-left: 40px; list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>That it has a uniform slope and shape from side to side</li> <li>There is at least a 2 inch wide beach above the water</li> </ol></li> <li>Use a permanent marker to trace the slope of your beach. Draw a small mark where the water and sand meet. This is the <strong>shoreline</strong>.<br /><em>Note: You will use this line to reform your beach in the same shape for each trial.</em></li> <li>Mark the shoreline with toothpicks.</li> <li>Make a "before" sketch of the side view of your beach. This is the <strong>beach</strong> <strong>profile</strong>. Note: you can use your ruler to take measurements of different parts of the beach.<br /><ol start="1" style="margin-left: 40px; list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Use the diagrams in Fig. 2 as a guide.</li> </ol></li> </ol><hr /><p> </p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--full-.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--full-.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-center media media--type-image media--view-mode-full-" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Kanesa Duncan Seraphin.&lt;/p&gt;&#10;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/plain_beach_before_wave_force_copy_copy.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost" style="float:none"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/full_page/public/plain_beach_before_wave_force_copy_copy.jpg?itok=Hx3Jc6D4" width="773" height="506" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 2. Ocean model set-up with sandy beach slope marked in black marker, shoreline marked by tothpicks, and centimeters marked across the bottom.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-full-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 2. Ocean model set-up with sandy beach slope marked in black marker, shoreline marked by tothpicks, and centimeters marked across the bottom.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Kanesa Duncan Seraphin.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><h3><strong>Part B. Practice making waves in your ocean model.</strong></h3> <ol><li>Use a metronome or sound recording (search metronome online) set at 60 beats per minute (or similar).</li> <li>Put the large side of your paddle in the water the edge of your container on the opposite side of the beach. Start the metronome, and move the paddle gently towards the beach in time to the beat.</li> <li>What did you see? Record your observations.</li> </ol><h3><strong>Part C. Test the force of waves on your sandy beach.</strong></h3> <ol><li>Reshape your beach so it lines up with your original profile line and the shoreline is in the same place.</li> <li>Follow the metronome sound and use the paddle to make a wave at each second for 2 minutes (Video 1).<br /><em>Note: Try to give each wave the same force with your paddle.</em><br />  </li> </ol><table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"><caption><strong>Video 1</strong>: Testing ocean erosion with wave forces on a sandy shore.</caption> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-oembed--derivative-video--provider-vimeo.html.twig * media--source-oembed--derivative-video.html.twig * media--remote-video--default.html.twig * media--remote-video.html.twig * media--default.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-center media media--type-remote-video media--view-mode-default"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-oembed-video--remote-video.html.twig * field--media--field-media-oembed-video.html.twig * field--media--remote-video.html.twig * field--field-media-oembed-video.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-oembed-video field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><iframe src="/sealearning/media/oembed?url=https%3A//vimeo.com/388596247&amp;max_width=0&amp;max_height=0&amp;hash=67ie68RuelDud9_VFK3qzQuW9dOCJD0IO9-ZOxfWOkc" frameborder="0" allowtransparency="" width="426" height="240" class="media-oembed-content" title="Wave forces on a sandy beach"></iframe> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --></td> </tr></tbody></table><ol start="3"><li>After 2 minutes of making waves, observe the effect of wave force on sand movement.</li> <li>Use a different color marker to trace the new line of the beach and mark the shoreline on the side of your container (Fig. 3).</li> <li>Describe how your beach has changed.</li> <li>Make an "after sketch" of your beach profile following the wave action.</li> </ol><p> </p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--full-.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--full-.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-center media media--type-image media--view-mode-full-" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Kanesa Duncan Seraphin.&lt;/p&gt;&#10;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/plain_beach_after_wave_force_copy_2smlr.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost" style="float:none"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/full_page/public/plain_beach_after_wave_force_copy_2smlr.jpg?itok=WTPZSt7W" width="773" height="506" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 3. After wave-force, sandy beach slope marked in red marker.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-full-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 3. After wave-force, sandy beach slope marked in red marker.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Kanesa Duncan Seraphin.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><h3><strong>Part D. Test a Sea Wall!</strong></h3> <ol><li>Reshape your beach so it lines up with your original beach profile line and the shoreline is in the same place (Fig. 4).</li> <li>Create a seawall by placing and stacking rocks at the shoreline (above the toothpicks).</li> <li>Draw another "before" sketch of the beach profile.</li> <li>Repeat part C to test the force of the waves against the seawall. (Video 2).</li> <li>Describe how your beach and seawall has changed.</li> <li>Make an "after sketch" of beach profile and seawall following the wave action.</li> </ol><table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"><caption><strong>Video 2</strong>. Testing the force of waves on the sandy shoreline with a seawall.</caption> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-oembed--derivative-video--provider-vimeo.html.twig * media--source-oembed--derivative-video.html.twig * media--remote-video--default.html.twig * media--remote-video.html.twig * media--default.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-center media media--type-remote-video media--view-mode-default"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-oembed-video--remote-video.html.twig * field--media--field-media-oembed-video.html.twig * field--media--remote-video.html.twig * field--field-media-oembed-video.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-oembed-video field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><iframe src="/sealearning/media/oembed?url=https%3A//vimeo.com/388586067&amp;max_width=0&amp;max_height=0&amp;hash=VvFOBIE0tzEK0RKpZzIbxT3yaUjOjSnwwDxGshQ7kGU" frameborder="0" allowtransparency="" width="426" height="240" class="media-oembed-content" title="Wave forces on a sandy beach with rock wall"></iframe> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --></td> </tr></tbody></table><p> </p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-left media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Kanesa Duncan Seraphin.&lt;/p&gt;&#10;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/rock_wall_beach_before_wave_force_copy_copy.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/rock_wall_beach_before_wave_force_copy_copy.jpg?itok=8gKFfBAM" width="400" height="262" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 4. Ocean model set-up with rock wall. The sandy beach has been rebuilt so that the slope matches the original black marker line.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 4. Ocean model set-up with rock wall. The sandy beach has been rebuilt so that the slope matches the original black marker line.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Kanesa Duncan Seraphin.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><article class="align-left media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Kanesa Duncan Seraphin.&lt;/p&gt;&#10;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/rock_wall_beach_after_wave_force_copysml.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/rock_wall_beach_after_wave_force_copysml.jpg?itok=lJgU3Net" width="400" height="262" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 5. After wave-force action on sand with balancing force of rock wall, the sandy beach slope is marked in purple marker. Notice the comparison to the original, black line slope, and the after slope, in red, of the plain beach trial.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 5. After wave-force action on sand with balancing force of rock wall, the sandy beach slope is marked in purple marker. Notice the comparison to the original, black line slope, and the after slope, in red, of the plain beach trial.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Kanesa Duncan Seraphin.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><hr /><h2>Activity Questions:</h2> <table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"><tbody><tr><td> <p><strong>You have just experimented with balanced and Unbalanced Forces!</strong></p> <ul><li>When two equal forces act in opposite directions, the result is balanced forces and there is no motion.</li> <li>When one force is stronger than the other, the result is unbalanced forces that cause motion.</li> </ul></td> </tr></tbody></table><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--full-.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--full-.html.twig x media.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><article class="align-center media media--type-image media--view-mode-full-"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/4PS_Tug_Of_War.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost" style="float:none"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/full_page/public/4PS_Tug_Of_War.jpg?itok=ZL-g8oJ5" width="773" height="290" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-full-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 6. These two teams are playing tug-of-war - which team will win?</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image courtesy of <a href="https://www.freepik.com/premium-vector/teenagers-playing-tug-war-two-teams-young-cartoon-people_7660650.htm">FreePik</a></p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><ol><li>Imagine that two teams are playing tug-of-war on a rope (Fig. 6).</li> <ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin-left: 40px;"><li>If their strength is equal and neither team is winning, are the forces balanced or unbalanced?</li> <li>If one team lets go, and the other team wins the rope, are the forces balanced or unbalanced?</li> </ol><li>Think back to when you first set up your beach.<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin-left: 40px;"><li>What would the beach profile look like the next day if you did nothing to it? (Hint: would the sand move by itself?)</li> <li>If you return the next day, and the <u><strong>sand has not moved</strong></u>, were the forces acting on the sand balanced or unbalanced?</li> <li>If you return the next day, and the <u><strong>sand has moved</strong></u>, were the forces acting on the sand balanced or unbalanced?</li> </ol></li> <li>What happened to your beach profile when there was wave action? Explain.</li> <li>When waves interact with the shoreline to move sand, are the forces?<br /><ol start="1" style="margin-left: 40px; list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Balanced  or Unbalanced (Circle one)</li> <li>What evidence do you have to support your answer?</li> </ol></li> <li>Why do you think that people build rock walls (or other hard structures) at the beach?</li> <li>After you added your rock wall, did waves affect the beach profile differently than before? Describe.</li> <li>Based on your observations, can you think of a reason why beach scientists often recommend <strong>against</strong> building sea walls in line with the beach? (hint: look at the entire beach profile, from under the wall and into the water).</li> <li>What other ways can people protect homes and property besides building seawalls parallel to the beach? (hint: think about how far property is built from the water, the amount of sand needed to protect property, the role of native plants in holding sand on a beach, and the various shapes and positions of seawalls compared to groins or piers.)<br /><em>Note: For more information on beach structures, check out the <a href="https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/">Exploring Our Fluid Earth</a> topic on <a href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/physical/coastal-interactions/beaches-and-sand">Beaches and Sand</a> and scroll down to read "Sand Transport, Coastal Erosion, and Human Impact on Beaches"</em></li> </ol><hr /><h2>Further Investigations: </h2> <ol><li>Look for evidence of the effects of wave action at your favorite beach site. If possible, take photographs.</li> <li>Study beach erosion problems in your community.<br /><ol start="1" style="margin-left: 40px; list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Find out what methods are being used to protect property from wave damage. Study designs for seawalls (revetments), jetties (bulkheads), and other features.</li> <li>What determines where oceanfront houses may be built? </li> <li>Where did the old sand go?</li> <li>Where did the sand originally come from?</li> <li>Has additional sand been imported, and if so, where did it come from?</li> </ol></li> </ol></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> Wed, 14 Aug 2019 20:50:40 +0000 kanesa 2060 at http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning ACTIVITY: Build a Hydroponic System! http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-5/life-science/materials-plant-growth/activity-build-hydroponics-system <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">ACTIVITY: Build a Hydroponic System!</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-display-title--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-display-title.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-display-title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-display-title field--type-string field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Title</div> <div class="field__item"><h1>ACTIVITY: Build a Hydroponic System!</h1> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/sealearning/users/emilysesno" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">EmilySesno</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Mon, 12/17/2018 - 14:21</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-practices field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-2"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Science and Engineering Practices</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/674" hreflang="en">Engaging in Argument from Evidence</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/675" hreflang="en">Planning and Carrying Out Investigations</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-ngss-se-link-text--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-ngss-se-link-text.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-ngss-se-link-text.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-ngss-se-link-text field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">NGSS Science and Engineering Linking Text</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Students collect data and compare the growth of plants with and without soil, interpret their results, and provide reasoning for their explanation.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-cc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/687" hreflang="en">Energy and Matter</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-ngss-cc-link-text--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-ngss-cc-link-text.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-ngss-cc-link-text.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-ngss-cc-link-text field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts Linking Text</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Students observe plants growing over time and reflect on the flow of energy and matter that made that happen.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-dci field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/711" hreflang="en">LS1.C: Organization for Matter and Energy Flow in Organisms</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-ngss-dc-link-text--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-ngss-dc-link-text.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-ngss-dc-link-text.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-ngss-dc-link-text field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas Linking Text</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Students compare plant growth in different settings and interpret how the flow of energy and matter may have impacted it. </p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-toc--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-toc.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-toc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-toc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Table of Contents</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/table-contents/activity-build-hydroponics-system" hreflang="en">Activity: Build a hydroponics System!</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment-node-activity-page--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--comment-node-activity-page.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--comment-node-activity-page.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <section class="field field--name-comment-node-activity-page field--type-comment field--label-hidden comment-wrapper"> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"><tbody><tr><td>The activity below draws from the content in the page <strong><a href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-5/life-science/hydroponics">Materials for Plant Growth</a></strong></td> </tr></tbody></table><p> </p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-right media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image courtesy of&amp;nbsp;Aqua Mechanical via &lt;a data-cke-saved-href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/aquamech-utah/24443777644&quot; href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/aquamech-utah/24443777644&quot;&gt;Flickr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LS_Hydro_Roots_Phenom.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/5LS_Hydro_Roots_Phenom.jpg?itok=JsEFe0xx" width="400" height="266" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 1. The roots of hydroponic plants grow in water.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 1. The roots of hydroponic plants grow in water.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image courtesy of Aqua Mechanical via <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/aquamech-utah/24443777644">Flickr</a></p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><p><span style="font-size: 1.385em; font-weight: bold;">Phenomenon:</span></p> <p>Plants can be grown in water—without any soil (Fig. 1)!</p> <p> </p> <p><span style="font-size: 1.385em; font-weight: bold;">Inquiry:</span></p> <p>Can plants thrive without soil?</p> <p> </p> <p><span style="font-size: 1.385em; font-weight: bold;">Guiding Questions:</span></p> <ol><li>What do people/animals need to grow?</li> <li>How are plants different than animals?</li> <li>What are the main things that plants need to grow?</li> </ol><hr /><p><span style="font-size: 1.385em; font-weight: bold;">Activity:</span></p> <p>Build a hydroponics system and compare plants grown without soil to those grown in soil.</p> <p><em>Note: <strong>Hydroponics</strong> is the method of growing plants in water (without soil). In comparison, <strong>Aquaponics</strong> is a system that combines aquaculture (the growing of aquatic animals, like fish, snails, clams, etc.) in combination with hydroponically grown plants.</em></p> <table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"><tbody><tr><td> <p><strong>Note to teachers</strong>:</p> <p>There are many ways you can build a hydroponics system. The system described below is a simple one, but it can be adapted for bigger or more complex arrangements. To combine this hydroponics activity and <a href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-5-life-science-topic-1-activity">aquaponics in a bottle</a> into one longer-term activity, click the <strong>activity extension</strong> for instructions. The procedure outlined there will guide you through creating an alternative hydroponics design that is adaptable to convert into an aquaponics system.</p> </td> </tr></tbody></table><hr /> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-1939" class="node node-special-feature-page special-feature-type-activity-extension contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="8dfc57ba-1831-476c-bbe7-08e9977dee1e" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">ACTIVITY EXTENSION</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="/sealearning/grade-5/life-science/ecosystem-cycling/activity-aquaponics-bottle/activity-extension-hydroponics-aquaponics" hreflang="und">Hydroponics to Aquaponics</a> </h2> <div class="field-item even"><p></p></div> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div><p><span style="font-size: 1.385em; font-weight: bold;">Materials:</span></p> <ul><li>Student worksheet and teacher guide (attached below):<br /><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'filter_caption' --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content-edit/filter-caption.html.twig' --><figure role="group" class="caption caption-drupal-entity"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-2187" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-activity-sheet contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="9502f00f-d3ff-42c8-b126-c54ebeeb737f" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">ACTIVITY SHEET</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LS_Hydroponics_Activity%20Sheet_4.pdf">Student Worksheet: Build a Hydroponic System<div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div><figcaption>Summary Not available-no caption</figcaption></figure><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content-edit/filter-caption.html.twig' --><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'filter_caption' --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content-edit/filter-caption.html.twig' --><figure role="group" class="caption caption-drupal-entity"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-2192" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-teacher-guide contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="6fef9ef7-6bbb-47a8-815c-946fa4a9fedf" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">TEACHER GUIDE</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LS_Hydroponics_Teacher%20Guide_4.pdf">Teacher Guide: Build a Hydroponic System<div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div><figcaption><em>This teacher guide follows the procedure written here and in the student worksheet with additional instructions and guidelines. We highly recommend starting this activity by introducing the <strong>Phenomenon</strong>, <strong>Inquiry</strong>, and <strong>Guiding Questions</strong> from the top of this webpage.</em></figcaption></figure><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content-edit/filter-caption.html.twig' --></li> <li>Container to hold water</li> <li>Optional: black spray paint and painters tape<br /><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--third-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--third-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><article class="align-right media media--type-image media--view-mode-third-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Emily Sesno&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LS_Black_Cinder_Bag.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/third_page/public/5LS_Black_Cinder_Bag.jpg?itok=n84USA-6" width="254" height="339" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 2. Black cinder works well as a root structural support for a hydroponic system.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-third-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 2. Black cinder works well as a root structural support for a hydroponic system.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Emily Sesno</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --></li> <li>Thick piece of square foam (e.g. Styrofoam)</li> <li>Plant food, 1 box per class – nutrient additive such as MiracleGro (tomato plant food generally has the right proportions of nutrients and will do the trick).</li> <li>Root structural support (e.g. cinder (Fig. 2), gravel, wood fibers, perlite, vermiculite, pumice or grow stones).</li> <li>Aquarium aerator, with tubing and airstone.</li> <li>Small plastic pots or waterproof mesh containers</li> <li>Optional: pH test kit (1 per class, available at pet stores).</li> <li>Basil (1 or 2 plants with roots per group plus an extra plant that will stay in the soil).</li> <li>Ruler</li> <li>Access to water to keep your system filled</li> <li>Counter or table space with sunlight for growing the hydroponic plants</li> </ul><table><tbody><tr><td> <p><strong>Note to teachers: </strong></p> <ul><li> <p>This activity requires care and maintence over time; it may take two weeks to see ample plant growth. </p> </li> <li> <p>The following instructions are written for the use of a basil plant because they grow quickly and easily. Further investigation could be conducted to grow different types plants.</p> </li> </ul></td> </tr></tbody></table><hr /><h2>Procedure:</h2> <ol><li>Follow along on your worksheet to grow your plants hydroponically!</li> <li>Start with enough basil plants (ones that have roots and are already growing) for groups to create different grow condition treatments (1 or 2 plants per group).</li> <li>Keep 1 or 2 plants in soil and place them next to, or near, your hydroponic systems (so they can grow in similar light conditions). This will be your 'control plant' and will provide a comparison to the hydroponic plants at the end of the growth period. Don't forget to water both the control and the treatment plants over the experimental period (Fig 3A &amp; 3B)!</li> </ol><p> </p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-left media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Emily Sesno&lt;/p&gt;&#10;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LS_Hydroponic_Basil.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/5LS_Hydroponic_Basil.jpg?itok=vSltoLC1" width="400" height="267" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig 3A. Basil and cilantro growing side by side in a hydroponic system. Comparing plants grown hydroponically to those grown in soil can be helpful to explore what plants need to grow.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig 3A. Basil and cilantro growing side by side in a hydroponic system. Comparing plants grown hydroponically to those grown in soil can be helpful to explore what plants need to grow.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Emily Sesno</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><article class="align-left media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image courtesy of Marco Verch,&amp;nbsp;&lt;a data-cke-saved-href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/30478819@N08/31526350498&quot; href=&quot;https://www.flickr.com/photos/30478819@N08/31526350498&quot;&gt;Flickr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#10;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LS_Basil_in_Soil.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/5LS_Basil_in_Soil.jpg?itok=eV1BA3LG" width="400" height="267" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig 3B. Basil grown in soil. A plant in soil may grow at a different rate than one in hydroponics.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig 3B. Basil grown in soil. A plant in soil may grow at a different rate than one in hydroponics.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image courtesy of Marco Verch, <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/30478819@N08/31526350498">Flickr</a></p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><hr /><p><u>Prepare your water container and mixture</u></p> <ol start="4"><li>Optional: if it is not already black, you can paint the outside of your water basin to help prevent algae overgrowth. Using painters’ tape, block of the top inch of the container and paint the bottom (so the top remains clear and you can observe the water level) (Fig. 4A &amp; 4B).<br /><em>Note: You can leave the container clear! Doing so will allow students to see root growth, however a clear container may require extra cleaning to remove algae growth.</em></li> </ol><hr /><p> </p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-left media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Emily Sesno&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LST1_ToBe_Painted_Tub.jpeg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/5LST1_ToBe_Painted_Tub.jpeg?itok=_G0KQdhb" width="400" height="300" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 4A. If you choose to paint your container, prep it by taping off a top section so you can see the water line.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 4A. If you choose to paint your container, prep it by taping off a top section so you can see the water line.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Emily Sesno</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><article class="align-left media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Emily Sesno&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LST1_Painted_Tub.jpeg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/5LST1_Painted_Tub.jpeg?itok=87aZMjm2" width="400" height="300" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig 4B. Spray paint it black to prevent algae overgrowth as your system matures.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig 4B. Spray paint it black to prevent algae overgrowth as your system matures.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Emily Sesno</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><hr /><ol start="5"><li>After the paint is dry, fill the container with water just above the black line, leaving space for displacement when you add the plants. Be sure to place your system near an outlet if you are using an aerator airstones.</li> <li>Stir in a teaspoon of plant food and allow it to dissolve.<br /><em>Note: The amount of nutrients added might need to be adjusted based on the size of the water basin. Follow instructions on plant food packaging for assistance.</em></li> <li>Plug in the aerator and place the stones in the water mixture. </li> </ol><hr /><p><u>Prep your plants</u></p> <p> </p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--third-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--third-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-right media media--type-image media--view-mode-third-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Emily Sesno&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LST1_Drilled_Holes.jpeg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/third_page/public/5LST1_Drilled_Holes.jpeg?itok=2jEyeL0W" width="254" height="191" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 5. Holes in your plant container will allow for water flow and help roots grow long and healthy.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-third-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 5. Holes in your plant container will allow for water flow and help roots grow long and healthy.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Emily Sesno</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><ol start="8"><li>If you are using small plastic pots that don't have holes, drill holes to allow for water transfer (Fig. 5).</li> <li>Trace the bottom of the hydroponic pots on the foam.<br /><em>Note: Don’t space the holes too far apart or the edges of the foam will sag and your pots will not float evenly!</em></li> <li>Cut out the circles in the foam. You will need to cut a little wider than the traced circle to allow the pots to sit low enough in the water.</li> <li>Fill the hydroponic pots with about an inch of root structural support, such as black cinder or gravel, on the bottom of the containers (Fig. 6).<br /><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--third-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--third-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><article class="align-right media media--type-image media--view-mode-third-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Emily Sesno&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LS_Styrofoam_and_layer.jpeg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/third_page/public/5LS_Styrofoam_and_layer.jpeg?itok=N5THJ8Jq" width="254" height="213" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 6. Almost ready to grow your plants!&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-third-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 6. Almost ready to grow your plants!</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Emily Sesno</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --></li> <li>Remove the basil plants from their starting pots, gently removing soil from around the root structures.</li> <li>Place the plants in the hydroponic pots so the bottom of the roots touch the bottom of the pots, and fill in the remaining space with more cinder so the plants can sit upright.</li> <li>Put your hydroponic pots into the holes of the foam. Allow about an inch or two of the pots to be exposed below the foam—this lower two inches of the pot will be submerged in the water.</li> <li>Place your hydroponic pot and foam combination in your water container and allow them to grow!</li> </ol><p> </p> <p><u>Care for your system</u></p> <ol start="16"><li> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-right media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Emily Sesno&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LS_Hydroponic_Full.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/5LS_Hydroponic_Full.jpg?itok=dBHlGkWR" width="400" height="533" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 7. Your plants will blossom in no time!&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 7. Your plants will blossom in no time!</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Emily Sesno</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><p> Water will evaporate over time, so you will need to refill your container. Every time (or every other time!) that you refill, add more nutrients to keep the plants growing well.</p></li> <li>Optional: Use your pH test kit to check the pH regularly. This will help ensure your system is stable. Basil likes a pH of about 6.5-6.8, so you can adjust as needed using your pH up or down bottles in the test kit. <br /><em>Note: If you are making your own nutrient solution rather than using plant food, review <a href="https://www.maximumyield.com/perfecting-ph/2/1212">Perfecting the pH of your Hydroponic Nutrient Solution</a>.</em></li> <li>Let the plants grow (Fig. 7)!</li> <li>Measure your plants' growth, and record your results in the data table on your worksheet. Use a consistent method to measure, for example:<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Place the bottom of the ruler at the base of the plant and measure to the tip of the main stem.</li> <li>Count the number of leaves, or choose a leaf to measure each time.</li> </ol></li> <li>Compare these results to the plant grown in soil only. </li> </ol><hr /><hr /><h2>Activity Questions:</h2> <ol><li>What happened to your best growing plant during the experiment?</li> <li>Where did your plant get its energy to grow?</li> <li>What resources did you give your plants?</li> <li>Compare the basil grown in soil versus the one grown hydroponically:<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Describe how your hydroponic plant grew.</li> <li>Describe how your plant in soil grew.</li> </ol></li> <li>Collect the class data for plant growth:<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>What was the class average hydroponic plant growth height (inches)?</li> <li>What was the class average soil plant growth (inches)?</li> </ol></li> <li>How does your data compare to the class average?</li> <li>Did the plants need soil to grow? What evidence do you have?</li> <li>Why do you think plants normally grow in soil?</li> <li>What do you think soil provides to plants?</li> <li>How are hydroponic plants surviving without soil?</li> <li>Aquaponics is a system that combines aquaculture (the growing of aquatic animals, like fish, snails, clams, etc.) in combination with hydroponicly grown plants. In aquaponic systems, growers do not need to add nutrients (like you did in this hydroponic experiment). Explain why aquaponics systems do not need added nutrients.</li> </ol><hr /><h2>Further Investigations:</h2> <p><u><strong>Experiment with different types of plants:</strong></u></p> <ol><li>Follow the procedure above with other varities of plants. Some others that can be good for hydroponic growth include: <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-right media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image courtesy of &lt;a data-cke-saved-href=&quot;https://pixabay.com/photos/farm-market-hydroponic-produce-1554307/&quot; href=&quot;https://pixabay.com/photos/farm-market-hydroponic-produce-1554307/&quot;&gt;pixabay&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LS_Lettuce_Hydroponic.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/5LS_Lettuce_Hydroponic.jpg?itok=DdyFJZcl" width="400" height="300" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 8. Other plants, such as lettuce shown here, can also grow well in hydroponic systems.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 8. Other plants, such as lettuce shown here, can also grow well in hydroponic systems.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image courtesy of <a href="https://pixabay.com/photos/farm-market-hydroponic-produce-1554307/">pixabay</a></p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --></li> </ol><ul style="margin-left: 40px;"><li>Greens such as lettuce, spinach, Swiss chard, and kale.</li> <li>Herbs such as parsley, oregano, cilantro and mint</li> <li>Tomatoes</li> <li>Strawberries</li> <li>Hot Peppers</li> </ul><p> </p> <ol start="2"><li>Explore similarities and differences between plant species and answer the following questions:</li> </ol><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin-left: 40px;"><li>What did you notice about the plants as they grew?</li> <li>Which plants grew best in hydroponics?</li> <li>What things did you have to adjust, or might adjust in the future, to accomadate different plants?</li> <li>What were the main things ALL species of plants needed?</li> </ol><hr /><p><strong><u>Experiment with different variables:</u></strong></p> <ol start="1"><li><strong>Manipulate variables</strong>: After you have built your hydroponic system described above, play around with different variables to see how plant growth may change. Continue to care for them i.e. giving nutrients and ensuring appropriate water levels. <ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li><strong>Light</strong>: arrange plants so they recieve different levels of light. Place one directly in front of the window for ample sunlight. Allow the others to grow in more shaded areas. <ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-roman; margin-left: 40px;"><li>What did you notice?</li> <li>Which level of light was the most desirable?</li> </ol></li> <li><strong>Carbon Dioxide</strong>: Using recycled materials, such as a clear 2L plastic soda bottle, create a covering to place overtop of your growing plant. Have students breath into it to increase the amount of CO<sub>2</sub> that the plant is recieving. Design a schedule so the plant getting extra CO<sub>2</sub> recieves it multiple times a day.<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-roman; margin-left: 40px;"><li>What did you notice?</li> <li>Did the adjusted CO<sub>2</sub> levels influence the plant growth? </li> <li>If so, which level of CO<sub>2</sub> helped the plants grow biggest?</li> <li>If not, why not?</li> </ol></li> <li><strong>Nutrients</strong>: Adjust the levels of nutrients you are feeding your plants. Keep a consistent schedule so each plant recieves it's designated amount. FOr example, plant (A) may recieve a half table spoon, plant (B) may recieve a full table spoon, and plant (C) may get 1 and a half tablespoons. Refer to the instructions on the box of your nutrient additive and adjust up and/or down according to the specific plants needs.<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-roman; margin-left: 40px;"><li>What did you notice?</li> <li>Which amount of nutrients made the plant grow biggest?</li> <li>What does this tell you about the main things that plants need to grow?</li> </ol></li> </ol></li> </ol></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> Tue, 18 Dec 2018 00:21:52 +0000 EmilySesno 2015 at http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning ACTIVITY: Reappearing Salt http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-5/physical-science/matter-sea/activity-reappearing-salt <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">ACTIVITY: Reappearing Salt</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-display-title--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-display-title.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-display-title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-display-title field--type-string field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Title</div> <div class="field__item"><h1>ACTIVITY: Reappearing Salt</h1> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/sealearning/user/357" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">rnakama</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Wed, 04/11/2018 - 14:39</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-practices field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-2"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Science and Engineering Practices</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/677" hreflang="en">Developing and Using Models</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/675" hreflang="en">Planning and Carrying Out Investigations</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-ngss-se-link-text--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-ngss-se-link-text.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-ngss-se-link-text.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-ngss-se-link-text field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">NGSS Science and Engineering Linking Text</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Students create a model of the ocean to observe and investigate particles that are too small to be seen in seawater.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-cc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/684" hreflang="en">Scale, Proportion, and Quantity</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-ngss-cc-link-text--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-ngss-cc-link-text.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-ngss-cc-link-text.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-ngss-cc-link-text field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts Linking Text</div> <div class="field__item"><p>By dissolving salt in water then watching the salt reappear as the water evaporates, students get an idea of scale, proportion, and quantity.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-dci field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/691" hreflang="en">PS1.A: Structure and Properties of Matter</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-ngss-dc-link-text--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-ngss-dc-link-text.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-ngss-dc-link-text.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-ngss-dc-link-text field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas Linking Text</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Students directly observe the properties of particles too small to be seen by making salt "disappear" and then "reappear" from seawater.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-toc--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-toc.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-toc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-toc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Table of Contents</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/table-contents/activity-reappearing-salt" hreflang="en">Activity: Reappearing Salt!</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment-node-activity-page--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--comment-node-activity-page.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--comment-node-activity-page.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <section class="field field--name-comment-node-activity-page field--type-comment field--label-hidden comment-wrapper"> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"><tbody><tr><td>The activity below draws from content in the page<strong> <a href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-5-physical-science-topic-2">Matter in the Sea</a></strong></td> </tr></tbody></table><p> </p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-right media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Kanesa Duncan-Seraphin&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/Laola_salty.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/Laola_salty.jpg?itok=BjVn9RJk" width="400" height="533" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 1. This swimmer has salt crystals on her skin after swimming in the ocean.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 1. This swimmer has salt crystals on her skin after swimming in the ocean.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Kanesa Duncan-Seraphin</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><h2>Phenomenon:</h2> <p>If you don't rinse off after swimming in the ocean, your skin will feel salty (Fig. 1)!</p> <h2>Inquiry:</h2> <p>If the ocean is salty, why can't we see the salt?</p> <h2>Guiding Questions:</h2> <ol><li>What is the difference between water from the ocean and water from a lake or pond?</li> <li>How do we know the ocean is salty?</li> </ol><h2>Activity:</h2> <p>Create your own saltwater solution by dissolving salt in water, then bring it back by evaporation.</p> <h2>Materials:</h2> <ul><li>Student worksheet and teacher guide (attached below):<br /> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-2188" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-activity-sheet contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="bc3e442a-0d8d-4a27-a2cd-6bddb0a9b386" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">ACTIVITY SHEET</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/sites/default/files/5PS_Reappearing%20Salt_Activity%20Sheet.pdf">Student Worksheet: Reappearing Salt<div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'filter_caption' --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content-edit/filter-caption.html.twig' --><figure role="group" class="caption caption-drupal-entity"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-2195" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-teacher-guide contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="b04ffafd-5243-40b6-b015-f238f2ff9dcc" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">TEACHER GUIDE</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/sites/default/files/5PS_Reappearing%20Salt_Teacher%20Guide.pdf">Teacher Guide: Reappearing Salt<div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div><figcaption><em>This teacher guide follows the procedure written here and in the student worksheet with additional instructions and guidelines. We highly recommend starting this activity by introducing the <strong>Phenomenon</strong>, <strong>Inquiry</strong>, and <strong>Guiding Questions</strong> from the top of this webpage.</em></figcaption></figure><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content-edit/filter-caption.html.twig' --></li> <li>Table Salt</li> <li> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-right media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Sebastian Stewart&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/5PS_Salt_Materials.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/5PS_Salt_Materials.jpg?itok=qKnxCoXE" width="400" height="300" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 2. Some of the materials needed to make a small scale model of seawater.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 2. Some of the materials needed to make a small scale model of seawater.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Sebastian Stewart</p> <p> </p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><p> Teaspoon</p></li> <li>Measuring cup</li> <li>Pitcher (or cups if making smaller portions)</li> <li>Watch glasses (or small glass containers that are oven-safe)</li> <li>Water</li> <li>Stir stick</li> <li>Magnifying Glass</li> <li>Black construction paper</li> <li>Oven (or sun, heat lamp, or hot plate)<span style="display: none;"> </span><span style="display: none;"> </span></li> </ul><table style="width: 600px"><tbody><tr><td> <p><strong>Teacher Recommendations and notes:</strong></p> <ul><li>Safety Note: If tasting samples at the end, use a food-safe teaspoon and cups. Food-safe means items that have not been used with laboratory chemical or biological substances. Use heat resistant gloves or tongs if using the oven or hot plate to evaporate water from your samples.</li> <li>Depending on how you plan to evaporate your water, i.e. by sun or oven, it will take more or less time. Keep this in mind when deciding how much salt water to make. </li> <li>The instructions below make a larger pitcher of saltwater that can then be distributed to smaller student groups to evaporate. Or, you can make smaller portions (i.e. 1 3/4 teaspoons salt to 2 1/8 cups of water) so each group can make their own saltwater to evaporate. </li> <li>Although the salt used in this activity will create saltwater, it is not the same water that can be used in a saltwater aquaria. Although seawater is primarily a solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) in water, there are several other dissolved compounds in seawater that are important for living organisms. Because table salt does not contain these additional dissolved substances, it cannot be used to create a saltwater aquarium. Commercial sea salt formulated for aquariums and sold at pet supply stores contains trace elements in concentrations consistent with natural seawater and therefore can be used in saltwater aquaria.</li> <li>As a further investigation, provide students with seawater and/or water from a natural body of water to observe the variety of matter that appears after evaporation.</li> <li>Check out the <a href="#Example Activity">example video</a> at the bottom of the page to watch the activity Recovering Salts from Seawater.</li> </ul></td> </tr></tbody></table><hr /><p><span style="font-size: 1.385em; font-weight: bold;">Procedure:</span></p> <ol><li>Follow along on your worksheet to make saltwater and answer questions.</li> </ol><p><u>Explore the Salt:</u></p> <ol start="2"><li>Lay out your black construction paper in front of you and put a teaspoon of salt onto it.</li> <li>Look at the salt through a magnifying glass and draw or write down your observations and hypotheses on your worksheet.<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin-left: 40px;"><li>What do you see?</li> <li>What do you think will happen if you put the salt in the water?</li> <li>What do you think will happen if you evaporate the water from the glass?</li> </ol></li> </ol><p><u>Make a Large Batch of Saltwater</u>:</p> <ol start="4"><li>Measure out 3 1/2 teaspoons of salt into a pitcher (about 20 grams).</li> <li>Add 4 1/4 cups of water (about 1000 mL).</li> <li>Stir the salt and water mixture.</li> <li>If you are using food grade salt, taste the mixture using a clean spoon.</li> </ol><p><u>Evaporate Saltwater:</u></p> <p> </p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-right media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Sebastian Stewart&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/5PS_Salt_Evap.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/5PS_Salt_Evap.jpg?itok=yAdoajRG" width="400" height="533" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 3. After all of the water is evaporated, the salt reappears.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 3. After all of the water is evaporated, the salt reappears.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Sebastian Stewart</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><ol start="8"><li>Pour small portions of your saltwater into your glass containers.</li> <li>Evaporate the water:<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li><strong>In the oven</strong>: <ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-roman;"><li>Bake the samples in an oven on a baking sheet until all the liquid has evaporated.</li> <li>Keep the oven temperature under 95˚C (≈200˚F).</li> </ol></li> <li><strong>With the sun</strong>:<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-roman;"><li>Place the samples on a window sill or somewhere with direct sunlight.</li> <li>Let the water evaporate naturally; this may take days to weeks, depending on the amount of water used. </li> <li>Revisit the cups regularly to observe the progress of evaporation.</li> </ol></li> <li><strong>Using a heat lamp or hot plate:</strong><br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-roman;"><li><strong>​</strong>heat the samples to no more than 60˚C. Do not let the water boil.</li> <li>When the water is almost gone and the crystals look slightly wet, you can remove the remaining water by turning up the heat a little until the crystals are dry.</li> <li>If the crystals begin sputtering, turn down the heat.</li> </ol></li> </ol></li> <li>When all of the water is gone, examine the salt crystals under a magnifying glass again. Write or draw your observations on your worksheet. Include a descriptive label that explains how you evaporated your water. </li> </ol><hr /><h2>Activity Questions</h2> <ol><li>What happened when you added salt to the water?</li> <li>Can you see the salt in the water after you stirred it?</li> <li>Where does the ocean get its salt?</li> <li>What does this activity tell you about the materials in the ocean?</li> <li>You have just established that you can’t see salt when it’s dissolved in water, but you know that it’s there. Can you think of other examples of matter that you know is there but can't see? (Hint: think about sugar, food coloring, or a fire)</li> <li>How does this activity help you to understand that matter is too small to be seen?</li> </ol><hr /><h2>Further Investigation</h2> <ol><li>Try this experiment using seawater collected from the ocean! Observe the variety of matter that appears. <ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>How does the salt from the ocean compare to the one you made from table salt?</li> </ol></li> <li>Compare water collected and evaporated from other bodies of water.<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>What do you notice?</li> </ol></li> </ol><hr /><table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"><tbody><tr><td> <h2><a name="Example Activity" id="Example Activity">Example Activity: </a></h2> <p style="font-size: 13.008000373840332px;">Check out the video below to watch the activity <a href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/chemical/chemistry-and-seawater/salty-sea/activity-recovering-salts-seawater" target="_blank">Recovering Salts from Seawater</a> demonstrated with teachers during a Teaching Science as Inquiry (TSI) workshop. This activity corresponds to high school content, so goes deeper into masses of salts and seawater than is needed at this grade level. </p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-oembed--derivative-video--provider-vimeo.html.twig * media--source-oembed--derivative-video.html.twig * media--remote-video--default.html.twig * media--remote-video.html.twig * media--default.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-center media media--type-remote-video media--view-mode-default"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-oembed-video--remote-video.html.twig * field--media--field-media-oembed-video.html.twig * field--media--remote-video.html.twig * field--field-media-oembed-video.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-oembed-video field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><iframe src="/sealearning/media/oembed?url=https%3A//vimeo.com/video/82727844&amp;max_width=0&amp;max_height=0&amp;hash=vz9LRvDA1xWxCxSqY-RHv9acwTv_BvTmWbRRYuPcn9o" frameborder="0" allowtransparency="" width="640" height="360" class="media-oembed-content" title="TSI Mod 2 Day 2 - video #8 - Recovering Salt from Seawater sm"></iframe> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --></td> </tr></tbody></table><p> </p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> Thu, 12 Apr 2018 00:39:20 +0000 rnakama 1959 at http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-5/physical-science/matter-sea/activity-reappearing-salt#comments ACTIVITY EXTENSION: Hydroponics to Aquaponics http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-5/life-science/ecosystem-cycling/activity-aquaponics-bottle/activity-extension-hydroponics-aquaponics <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--special-feature-page.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">ACTIVITY EXTENSION: Hydroponics to Aquaponics</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-display-title--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--node--field-display-title.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--field-display-title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-display-title field--type-string field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Title</div> <div class="field__item"><h1>ACTIVITY EXTENSION: Hydroponics to Aquaponics</h1> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--special-feature-page.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/sealearning/user/357" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">rnakama</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--special-feature-page.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Tue, 04/10/2018 - 14:24</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-practices field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-3"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Science and Engineering Practices</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/677" hreflang="en">Developing and Using Models</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/674" hreflang="en">Engaging in Argument from Evidence</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/675" hreflang="en">Planning and Carrying Out Investigations</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-cc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-2"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/687" hreflang="en">Energy and Matter</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/685" hreflang="en">System and System Models</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-dci field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-3"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/711" hreflang="en">LS1.C: Organization for Matter and Energy Flow in Organisms</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/714" hreflang="en">LS2.A: Interdependent Relationships in Ecosystems</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/715" hreflang="en">LS2.B: Cycles of Matter and Energy Transfer in Ecosystems</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-toc--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--node--field-toc.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--field-toc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-toc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Table of Contents</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/table-contents/activity-extension-hydroponics-aquaponics" hreflang="en">Activity Extension: Hydroponics to Aquaponics</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"><tbody><tr><td> <p><span style="font-size: 13.008000373840332px;">Below are some modifications to convert hydroponic into an aquaponics system.</span><span style="font-size: 13.008000373840332px;"> This can be done in a series of lessons and activities to build understanding of NGSS grade 5 performance expectations:</span></p> <hr /><p><strong><a href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/standards-alignment/next-generation-science-standards-ngss/life-science-performance-expectations/ls1-molecules-organisms-structures-and-processes"><span style="color:#000080;">5-LS1-1</span></a><span style="color:#000080;">: Support an argument that plants get the materials they need for growth chiefly from air and water.</span></strong></p> <p><span style="color:#000080;"><strong>and</strong></span></p> <p><strong><a href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu//sealearning/standards-alignment/next-generation-science-standards-ngss/life-science-performance-expectations/ls2-ecosystems-interactions-energy-and-dynamics"><span style="color:#000080;">5-LS2-1</span></a><span style="color:#000080;">: Develop a model to describe the movement of matter among plants, animals, decomposers, and the environment</span></strong></p> <hr /><p>The activity below draws from the content in the page <strong><a href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-5/life-science/hydroponics">Materials for Plant Growth</a></strong> and <strong><a href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-5-life-science-topic-1">Ecosystem Cycling</a></strong> and is modified from the activities: <a href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-5/life-science/hydroponics/activity-build-hydroponics-system"><strong>Build a Hydroponic System</strong></a> and<strong style="font-size: 0.923em;"> </strong><strong style="font-size: 13.008000373840332px;"><a href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-5-life-science-topic-1-activity">Aquaponics in a Bottle</a>.</strong></p> </td> </tr></tbody></table><hr /><h2>Phenomenon:</h2> <p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-left media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image courtesy of &lt;a data-cke-saved-href=&quot;https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Akaka_Falls_-_Waterfall_in_Hawaii.jpg&quot; href=&quot;https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Akaka_Falls_-_Waterfall_in_Hawaii.jpg&quot;&gt;Wikimedia Commons&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LS_Waterfall_cycling.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/5LS_Waterfall_cycling.jpg?itok=Sj5mNk66" width="400" height="533" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 1. Waterfalls in Hawai'i help to cycle matter as part of a bigger ecosystem.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 1. Waterfalls in Hawai'i help to cycle matter as part of a bigger ecosystem.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image courtesy of <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Akaka_Falls_-_Waterfall_in_Hawaii.jpg">Wikimedia Commons</a></p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --></p><p>Materials cycle through an ecosystem that allows the plants and animals to survive and grow (Fig. 1). </p> <h2>Inquiry:</h2> <p>Can plants survive and thrive without soil? How does matter cycle through the ecosystem?</p> <h2>Guiding Questions:</h2> <ol><li>Where to plants get the energy needed to survive?</li> <li>Where do animals get the energy they need to survive?</li> <li>What happens to the materials that animals eat?</li> </ol><h2>Activity:</h2> <p>Build your own hydroponic system that can be converted into aquaponics! </p> <hr /><p><em>Note: <strong>Hydroponics</strong> is the method of growing plants in water (without soil). In comparison, <strong>Aquaponics</strong> is a system that combines aquaculture (the growing of aquatic animals, like fish, snails, clams, etc.) in combination with hydroponically grown plants.</em></p> <hr /><h2>Materials:</h2> <ul><li>Student worksheet and teacher guide (attached below):<br /><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'filter_caption' --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content-edit/filter-caption.html.twig' --><figure role="group" class="caption caption-drupal-entity"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-2198" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-activity-sheet contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="c0c2983c-ac00-4d34-9d4d-7190808b46b6" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">ACTIVITY SHEET</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LS_Hydroponics%20to%20Aquaponics%20FI_Activity%20Sheet_1.pdf">Student Worksheet: Hydroponics to Aquaponics<div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div><figcaption>Summary Not available-no caption</figcaption></figure><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content-edit/filter-caption.html.twig' --><br /><table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"><tbody><tr><td> <p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'filter_caption' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content-edit/filter-caption.html.twig' --> <figure role="group" class="caption caption-drupal-entity"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-2203" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-teacher-guide contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="47861618-40f1-4328-ab7d-9ea222ce7397" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">TEACHER GUIDE</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LS_Hydroponics%20to%20Aquaponics%20FI_Teacher%20Guide.pdf">Teacher Guide: Hydroponics to Aquaponics<div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div><figcaption>Summary Not available-no caption</figcaption></figure><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content-edit/filter-caption.html.twig' --></p> <p><em>This teacher guide follows the procedure written here and in the student worksheet with additional instructions and guidelines. We highly recommend starting this activity by introducing the <strong>Phenomenon</strong>, <strong>Inquiry</strong>, and <strong>Guiding Questions</strong> from the top of this webpage.</em></p> </td> </tr></tbody></table></li> </ul><p><u>Hydroponics</u></p> <ul><li> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-left media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Emily Sesno&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LS_Hydro_to_Aqua_supplies.jpeg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/5LS_Hydro_to_Aqua_supplies.jpeg?itok=ExUhddyP" width="400" height="300" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 2. The three main supplies needed to start building a hydroponics system are the tank, basket, and plant!&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 2. The three main supplies needed to start building a hydroponics system are the tank, basket, and plant!</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Emily Sesno</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><p>Tank for water (or other clear, large container)</p></li> <li>Plastic basket for plant (or other container that can fit inside the tank. This basket should have holes so water can circulate the roots of the plant) (Fig. 2)</li> <li>Wooden dowel (x2 that are long enough to span more than width of the tank)</li> <li>Substrate for inside the tank (e.g. Sand (washed), Fish tank rocks)</li> <li> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--third-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--third-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-left media media--type-image media--view-mode-third-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Emily Sesno&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LS_Black_Cinder_Bag.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/third_page/public/5LS_Black_Cinder_Bag.jpg?itok=n84USA-6" width="254" height="339" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 3. Black cinder works well as a root structural support for a hydroponic or aquaponic system.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-third-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 3. Black cinder works well as a root structural support for a hydroponic or aquaponic system.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Emily Sesno</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><p>Root structural support (e.g. cinder (Fig. 3), gravel, wood fibers, perlite, vermiculite, pumice or grow stones)</p></li> <li>Larger rocks for tank adornment</li> <li>Small plant for hydroponic growth (herbs like basil grow easily and quickly)</li> <li>Small plant in larger pot for growth in soil (herbs like basil grow easily and quickly)</li> <li>Aerator and airstones</li> <li>Nutrients (e.g. nutrient additive such as MiracleGro. Tomato plant food generally has the right proportions of nutrients and will do the trick).</li> <li>Optional (but very helpful!): Magnetic glass cleaner to remove algae</li> <li>Optional: pH test kit</li> <li>Ruler</li> </ul><p><u>Aquaponics additions</u></p> <ul><li>Guppies, snails, and/or shrimp</li> <li>Aquatic plant</li> <li>Optional (but very helpful): filter (can be purchased online or at local pet shop)</li> </ul><table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"><tbody><tr><td> <p><strong>Teacher Recommendations:</strong></p> <ul><li>If possible, take students on a field trip to collect organisms like small fishes, snails, and aquatic plants from nearby streams. If you cannot collect enough organisms for the entire class, you can purchase small fishes and aquatic plants from a pet store.</li> <li>Allow the water to sit out for at least 24 hours so the chlorine in the tap water evaporates (or use commercially available drops to treat the water).</li> <li>Pre-rinse the gravel so that there is no mud or sand.  You will need enough gravel to fill the bottom of the bottles and hold the Elodea plants in place.</li> <li>You can build one larger system for the whole class, or have multiple systems with smaller tank/basket combinations. </li> <li>You may want to pre-drill the holes in the baskets so students only have to assemble it. </li> </ul><p><strong>Important Note to the Teacher:</strong></p> <p><u><strong>Invasive species concerns</strong></u>: It is important to dispose of organisms (plants, fish, snails, etc) properly so that native habitats are not harmed. Return organisms to the place wher you caught them, but do not release organisms bought from the pet store into the natural environment. The release of pet store guppies is likely the reason for their presence in Hawaiian streams and their negative impact on native species: See <a href="https://dlnr.hawaii.gov/ais/other-ais/guppies/">DLNR page on guppies</a> for more info.</p> <p>Please see <a href="http://www.habitattitude.net/">http://www.habitattitude.net/</a> for guidance on aquarium disposal.</p> <p><u><strong>Care of living organisms</strong></u>: This activity involves observation and experimentation with small fish, which are vertebrates. Consideration of proper, humane care of vertebrates is important.  Provide explicit guidance for students to develop an understanding of and value for life and living organisms. The guppies must be provided with appropriate daily care so that they remain healthy during the course of the experiment and should not be subjected to pain or discomfort.</p> <p>Students need to be supervised by a teacher that understands the safe and responsible use of animals in the classroom and who understands and follows Hawai‘i Department of Education policies and other relevant regulations. Teachers must develop and implement a plan for the future care of the fish and other organisms following the study.<br /> (Adapted from the National Science Teacher Association’s 2005 Position Paper: “Responsible Use of Live Animals and Dissection in the Science Classroom”)</p> <p><strong>Proper care of small fish, like guppies includes:</strong><br /> 1. Feeding them daily, i.e. making sure there is a source of food such as elodea, or providing fish food flakes.<br /> 2. The temperature of the water must be between 72° and 82° F.,<br /> 3. Change approximately 1/3 of the water every 1 to 2 weeks, or as needed to keep the water in good condition.<br /> 4. Create a happy or natural environment by adding things like gravel and plants to the tank. Care of the guppies must be provided daily, including weekends, holidays, and other times school is not in session. When the experiment is over you must continue care of the guppies in the classroom or implement another plan for the continued proper care of the guppies, as they cannot be re-introduced into Hawai‘i’s environment.<br /> For further information regarding current policies and regulations in Hawai‘i contact the Science Section of the Instructional Services Branch of the Office of Curriculum, Instruction, and Student Support at the Hawai‘i Department of Education.<span style="font-size: 13.008000373840332px;"> </span></p> <hr /><p><em>These recommendations can be viewed in the attached pdf below:</em></p> <p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'filter_caption' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content-edit/filter-caption.html.twig' --> <figure role="group" class="caption caption-drupal-entity"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-2199" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-activity-sheet contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="5da415df-4406-469f-b6af-1daf9746f059" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">ACTIVITY SHEET</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LS_Aquaponics_Teacher%20Recs.pdf">Teacher Recommendations: Tips for Aquaponics<div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div><figcaption>Summary Not available-no caption</figcaption></figure><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content-edit/filter-caption.html.twig' --></p> </td> </tr></tbody></table><hr /><h2>Build your Hydroponic System!</h2> <ol><li>Follow along on your worksheet to build and observe hydroponic plants and then turn your system into a thriving aquaponics tank!</li> <li>You will compare plants grown hydroponically to those grown in soil.<br /><em>Note: <strong>Hydroponics</strong> is the method of growing plants in water (without soil). In comparison, <strong>Aquaponics</strong> is a system that combines aquaculture (the growing of aquatic animals, like fish, snails, clams, etc.) in combination with hydroponically grown plants.</em><br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin-left: 40px;"><li>To prepare, replant one of your small plants into a larger pot so that it has space to continue to grow in soil. </li> </ol></li> <li>You will be measuring your plants' growth and recording your results in the data table on your worksheet. Choose a consistent method to measure, for example:<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin-left: 40px;"><li>Place the bottom of the ruler at the base of the plant and measure to the tip of the main stem.</li> <li>Count the number of leaves, or choose a leaf to measure each time.</li> </ol></li> </ol><h3><strong>Prepare your tank!</strong></h3> <ol start="4"><li>Rinse the tank substrate with warm water a few times to prepare it for your ecosystem. Make sure the tank is clean as well!</li> <li>Find a location for your tank with direct access to sunlight and near an outlet (to plug in the aerator).</li> <li>Layer about an inch or two of the substrate on the bottom of the tank.</li> <li> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-left media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Emily Sesno&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LS_Hydroponic_Basil_copy.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/5LS_Hydroponic_Basil_copy.jpg?itok=WlpKyS0k" width="400" height="267" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 4. The water in this newly established hydroponic system is settling.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 4. The water in this newly established hydroponic system is settling.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Emily Sesno</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><p>Fill the tank with water. The water may look cloudy at first while the substrate settles (Fig. 4).</p></li> <li>Place the airstone on the bottom of the tank and plug in the aerator. You can bury it slightly under the substrate.</li> <li>Add nutrients according the the instructions on the packaging and based on the size of your tank.</li> <li>Place your plant growing in soil (from #2) next to the tank so it has access to sunlight. Allow it to grow here for the remainder of the study.</li> <li>Measure the starting height of your soil plant and record it on your worksheet.</li> </ol><h3><strong>Prepare your plants!</strong></h3> <ol start="12"><li>With help from your teacher, drill two holes on each side that line up with two holes on the other side of the basket. <br /><em>Note: the holes should be big enough for the wooden dowel to slide through. The holes should also be positioned so that 2/3 of the basket falls below the top of the tank. This will ensure your plant roots will be able to reach the water.</em></li> <li>Push the dowels all the way through the holes so that they stick out on either side.</li> <li>Fill the basket halfway with your chosen root structural support (e.g. cinder).</li> <li>Remove your plant from the pot and gently brush the soil away from the root structures.</li> <li>Hold the plant in place in the basket and fill in the remaining space with more support material so the plants are stable.</li> <li>Place the basket with your newly secured plants on top of the tank so that the wooden dowls rest on the tank edges (Fig. 3). </li> <li>If the water is not touching the basket, add more until it does (Fig. 5). </li> <li>Measure the starting height of your hydroponic plant and record it on your worksheet.</li> </ol><h3><strong>Explore hydroponic growth!</strong></h3> <ol start="20"><li>Now that your hydroponic system is set up, maintain the system and observe plant growth! <ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin-left: 40px;"><li>Water will evaporate over time, so you will need to refill your container. Every time (or every other time!) that you refill, add more nutrients to keep the plants growing well.</li> </ol></li> <li>Optional: Use your pH test kit to check the pH regularly. This will help ensure your system is stable. Basil likes a pH of about 6.5-6.8, so you can adjust as needed using your pH up or down bottles in the test kit.<br /><em>Note: If you are making your own nutrient solution rather than using plant food, review <a href="https://www.maximumyield.com/perfecting-ph/2/1212">Perfecting the pH of your Hydroponic Nutrient Solution</a>.</em></li> <li> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-left media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Emily Sesno&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LS_Hydropinc_ready_for_Aqua.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/5LS_Hydropinc_ready_for_Aqua.jpg?itok=zmNLY5C9" width="400" height="300" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 5. This tank has been used to grow plants hydroponically but can be converted into aquaponics by adding organisms!&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 5. This tank has been used to grow plants hydroponically but can be converted into aquaponics by adding organisms!</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Emily Sesno</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><p>Continue monitoring and measuring your plant growth for your desired amount of time. When you are ready to convert your system into aquaponics, move on to the steps below (Fig. 5)!</p></li> <li>Compare these results to the plant grown in soil only.</li> </ol><p> </p> <hr /><h2>Update your Hydroponics to Aquaponics</h2> <ol><li>Before you begin, answer these questions: <ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin-left: 40px;"><li>How do scientists study plants and animals in their natural habitats?</li> <li>What might be some limitations, challenges, or risks with studies in the natural environment?</li> <li>What is the ethical treatment of living things? How will you ensure your animals are being treated ethically?</li> <li>Why do animals, including humans, eat things?</li> <li>Do plants eat?</li> <li>What is a producer? Consumer? Decomposer?</li> </ol></li> <li>Allow your hydroponics system to cycle out excess nutrients before adding fish - i.e. give the water some time since you last added nutrients. You may also want to change out 1/3 of the water a few days before adding organisms.</li> <li>Review the recommendations for managing care of living organisms (teacher recommendations box below materials list).</li> <li>Collect organisms from a local stream if you have permission and safe, easy access.<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin-left: 40px;"><li>Organisms may include guppies, snails, shrimp, and freshwater plants such as elodea and duckweed, etc.<br /><em>Note: If you don’t have access or permission to a local stream, organisms can be purchased from a pet shop.</em></li> </ol></li> <li>Add a few large rocks to the bottom of the tank. These will provide unique structure to the bottom that the fish can swim around. </li> <li>Add the aquatic plants to your tank. Tuck the roots into the substrate. You may need to add a large rock nearby to hold the roots down.</li> <li>Gently add the fish and other organisms to the tank.</li> </ol><h3><strong>Care for your ecosystem!</strong><br /><em><span style="font-size: 13.008000373840332px; font-weight: normal;">Note: Your system should be able to maintain itself through the cycling of matter between producers, consumers and decomposers. However, since this system is small and might not represent every trophic level, you will still need to feed the fish to ensure they are getting enough energy (Fig. 6).</span></em></h3> <ol><li> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-left media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Emily Sesno, seen at &lt;a data-cke-saved-href=&quot;http://www.bishopmuseum.org&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bishopmuseum.org&quot;&gt;Bishop Museum&lt;/a&gt; in Richard T. Mamiya Science Adventure Center&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/5LS_Example_Aquaponics.jpeg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/5LS_Example_Aquaponics.jpeg?itok=iItitJY5" width="400" height="372" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 6. This simple aquaponics system is successful at cycling material between plants and animals.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 6. This simple aquaponics system is successful at cycling material between plants and animals.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Emily Sesno, seen at <a href="http://www.bishopmuseum.org">Bishop Museum</a> in Richard T. Mamiya Science Adventure Center</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><p>FEEDING: Drop a few flakes or pellets (depending on food choice) on the surface of the water to feed the fish few days (every 2 or 3 days should be fine).</p></li> <li>CLEANING: You will need to replace about 1/3 of the water every 1-2 weeks as needed. This will prevent algae buildup and ensure enough oxygen is available (The plants will contribute to the oxygen available).<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin-left: 40px;"><li>Prepare replacement water the day before, allowing it to sit out over night to evaporate any chlorine.</li> <li>Remove the top (plant or cap) and scoop out about 1/3 of the water using a cup (a turkey baster can also provide easy access to removing water). Be careful not to scoop any fish with the water!</li> <li>If there is algae build up on the exposed walls, you can wipe it off with a paper towel or clean sponge to prevent overgrowth.<br /> Pour in fresh water slowly so as not to stir up any loose particles. Alternatively, if you have a magnetic tank cleaner, use that to wipe the walls regularly to clear the algae.</li> </ol></li> <li>Optional: Monitor pH:<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin-left: 40px;"><li>If you keep up with changing the water the pH should stay relatively stable, however biological activity within the tank can cause the pH to fluctuate. Use your pH test kit to check the pH.<br /><em>Note: Review this helpful link on <a href="http://www.tropical-fish-success.com/aquarium-ph.html">Aquarium pH </a>for guidence.</em></li> <li>Additionally, a filter will help maintain the pH. Although the plant roots are doing some filtration, a filter may help to keep your system stable.</li> </ol></li> </ol><hr /><h2>Activity Questions</h2> <h3><strong>Hydroponics Activity Questions:</strong></h3> <ol><li>What happened to your best growing plant during the experiment?</li> <li>Where did your plant get its energy to grow?</li> <li>What resources did you give your plants?</li> <li>Compare the basil grown in soil versus the one grown hydroponically:<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>How much did your hydroponic plant grow?</li> <li>How much did the plant in soil grow?</li> </ol></li> <li>Collect the class data for plant growth:<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>What was the class average hydroponic plant growth height (inches)?</li> <li>What was the class average soil plant growth (inches)?</li> </ol></li> <li>How does your data compare to the class average?</li> <li>Did the plants need soil to grow? What evidence do you have?</li> <li>Why do you think plants normally grow in soil?</li> <li>What do you think soil provides to plants?</li> <li>How are hydroponic plants surviving without soil?</li> <li>Aquaponics is a system that combines aquaculture (the growing of aquatic animals, like fish, snails, clams, etc.) in combination with hydroponicly grown plants. In aquaponic systems, growers do not need to add nutrients (like you did in this hydroponic experiment). Explain why aquaponics systems do not need added nutrients.</li> </ol><hr /><h3><strong>Aquaponics Activity Questions:</strong></h3> <ol><li>Match the vocabulary words with their definitions below. Then use the information to answer the activity questions.</li> </ol><table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Matter</strong></td> <td> </td> <td>An organism requiring food, which it gets by eating other organisms.</td> </tr><tr><td><strong>Consumer</strong></td> <td> </td> <td>An organism, often bacteria, fungus, or invertebrate, that breaks down waste from other organisms and converts it .</td> </tr><tr><td><strong>Decomposer</strong></td> <td> </td> <td>Organisms that use energy from the sun and matter in air and water to grow.</td> </tr><tr><td><strong>Primary Producer</strong></td> <td> </td> <td>Any substance that has mass and takes up space by having volume.</td> </tr></tbody></table><ol start="2"><li>What role does your plant play in making food from matter your ecosystem-in-a-bottle?</li> <li>What role does your fish/snail play in moving matter your ecosystem?</li> <li>What role does the bacteria living on the rocks play in recycling matter in your ecosystem?</li> <li>Which organism in your ecosystem is a:<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>Primary producer?</li> <li>Consumer?</li> <li>Decomposer?</li> </ol></li> <li>How do the organisms in your ecosystem work together to recylce matter and produce food?</li> <li>Draw your own food web based on your ecosystem in a bottle (there are many correct food webs!). Label the primary producer, consumer, and decomposer.</li> <li>What might happen if a higher level predator was introduced to your ecosystem (such as a crayfish, large fish, or large frog)?</li> <li>Is there evidence of any other plant life in the aquarium? (Hint: It is possible that microscopic freshwater algae may have grown, and if it becomes dense enough may appear either as a greenish film, or perhaps a greenish hue in the water.)</li> <li>How are models beneficial to scientists when studying plants and animals?</li> <li>How could you improve your design for a future aquaponics system?</li> </ol></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment-node-special-feature-p--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--node--comment-node-special-feature-p.html.twig * field--node--special-feature-page.html.twig * field--comment-node-special-feature-p.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <section class="field field--name-comment-node-special-feature-p field--type-comment field--label-hidden comment-wrapper"> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> Wed, 11 Apr 2018 00:24:44 +0000 rnakama 1939 at http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning ACTIVITY: Structure to Function: Hungry Reef Fish http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-4/life-science/structure-function/activity-structure-function-hungry-reef-fish <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">ACTIVITY: Structure to Function: Hungry Reef Fish</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-display-title--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-display-title.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-display-title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-display-title field--type-string field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Title</div> <div class="field__item"><h1>ACTIVITY: Structure to Function: Hungry Reef Fish</h1> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/sealearning/user/357" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">rnakama</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Mon, 04/09/2018 - 13:57</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-practices field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-2"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Science and Engineering Practices</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/674" hreflang="en">Engaging in Argument from Evidence</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/675" hreflang="en">Planning and Carrying Out Investigations</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-ngss-se-link-text--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-ngss-se-link-text.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-ngss-se-link-text.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-ngss-se-link-text field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">NGSS Science and Engineering Linking Text</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Students investigate the feeding behaviors of different fish and collect evidence to determine the function of different mouth structures.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-cc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-2"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/685" hreflang="en">System and System Models</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/686" hreflang="en">Structure and Function</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-ngss-cc-link-text--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-ngss-cc-link-text.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-ngss-cc-link-text.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-ngss-cc-link-text field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts Linking Text</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Using tools to model fish mouths, students learn the relationship between structure and function.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-dci field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/709" hreflang="en">LS1.A: Structure and Function</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-ngss-dc-link-text--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-ngss-dc-link-text.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-ngss-dc-link-text.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-ngss-dc-link-text field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas Linking Text</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Students build understanding of the function of fish mouth structures in feeding strategies.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-toc--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-toc.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-toc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-toc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Table of Contents</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/table-contents/activity-structure-function-hungry-reef-fish" hreflang="en">Activity: Structure to Function: Hungry Reef Fish</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment-node-activity-page--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--comment-node-activity-page.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--comment-node-activity-page.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <section class="field field--name-comment-node-activity-page field--type-comment field--label-hidden comment-wrapper"> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>The activity below draws from the content in the page <strong><a href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-4-life-science-topic-1">Structure to Function</a>.</strong></em></td> </tr></tbody></table><hr /><p> </p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-right media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image courtesy of &lt;a data-cke-saved-href=&quot;https://pixabay.com/en/lantern-fish-fish-jaw-big-mouth-1433046/&quot; href=&quot;https://pixabay.com/en/lantern-fish-fish-jaw-big-mouth-1433046/&quot;&gt;Dmitry Abramov&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/4LS_T1_Act_Fish_mouth.png"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/4LS_T1_Act_Fish_mouth.png?itok=223qV7aI" width="400" height="301" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 1. What might this fish eat with these large teeth?&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 1. What might this fish eat with these large teeth?</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image courtesy of <a href="https://pixabay.com/en/lantern-fish-fish-jaw-big-mouth-1433046/">Dmitry Abramov</a></p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><p><span style="font-size: 1.385em; font-weight: bold;">Phenomenon: </span></p> <p>Fishes with different mouth shapes eat different types of food.</p> <h2>Inquiry: </h2> <p>How does mouth shape and structure help a fish eat its food?</p> <h2>Guiding Questions:</h2> <ol><li>How do the different fish mouth structures help it function to eat?</li> </ol><h2>Activity: </h2> <p>Channel your inner fish! Use tools to model the structures of fishes' mouths—and then try to capture your prey!</p> <hr /><table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"><tbody><tr><td> <h3><u><strong>Fish versus fishes: </strong></u></h3> <p>The word <strong>fish</strong> refers to one fish or to a group of fish of the same species. The word <strong>fishes</strong> refers to multiple species of fish. For example, 1 convict tang is a fish, 2 convict tangs are fish, and a group of 20 convict tangs are also fish. However, a convict tang together with a moray eel would be fishes.</p> </td> </tr></tbody></table><hr /><h2>Materials:</h2> <ul><li>(Optional) Fish identification book or guide <ul style="margin-left: 40px;"><li><a href="http://seagrant.soest.hawaii.edu/snorkelers-guide-to-the-fishes-of-hanauma-bay/">The Snorkeler's Guide to the Fishes of Hanauma Bay</a> is a nice, waterproof option</li> </ul></li> <li>Paper towels (or cloths, sponges, etc.)</li> <li>Laminated station ID cards<br /> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-2095" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-activity-sheet contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="cb1b9746-a9f6-43c9-b46e-6999479bd0f9" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">ACTIVITY SHEET</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/sites/default/files/Station%20ID%20Cards%202_1.pdf">Hungry Reef Fish Station ID cards<div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div></li> <li>Laminated station instruction cards<br /> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-2080" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-activity-sheet contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="e94492e9-2e1f-42bc-9542-4282bd1ac855" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">ACTIVITY SHEET</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/sites/default/files/Station%20Instruction%20Cards.pdf">Hungry Reef Fish Station Instructions<div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div></li> <li>Student Worksheet and Teacher Guide (attached below)<br /> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-2083" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-activity-sheet contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="14dd293e-1ee3-4ba6-8bf8-afb06a825c43" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">ACTIVITY SHEET</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/sites/default/files/4LS_Hungry%20Reef%20Fish_Activity%20Sheet.pdf">Student Worksheet: Hungry Reef Fish<div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'filter_caption' --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content-edit/filter-caption.html.twig' --><figure role="group" class="caption caption-drupal-entity"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-2124" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-teacher-guide contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="0f5e2853-62e4-4ebf-a82d-f8a74ff76365" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">TEACHER GUIDE</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/sites/default/files/4LS_Hungry%20Reef%20Fish_Teacher%20Guide_1.pdf">Teacher Guide: Hungry Reef Fish<div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div><figcaption><em>This teacher guide follows the procedure written here and in the student worksheet with additional instructions and guidelines. We highly recommend starting this activity by introducing the <strong>Phenomenon</strong>, <strong>Inquiry</strong>, and <strong>Guiding Questions</strong> from the top of this webpage.</em></figcaption></figure><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content-edit/filter-caption.html.twig' --></li> </ul><p> </p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-right media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Emily Sesno&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/4LS_HRF_Cruncher_Station.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/4LS_HRF_Cruncher_Station.jpg?itok=YJ184Pt2" width="400" height="220" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 2. Example materials for the ʻCruncher Station.ʻ&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 2. Example materials for the ʻCruncher Station.ʻ </p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Emily Sesno</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><p><u>Station 1: The Cruncher (Fig. 2)</u></p> <ul><li>Hard cookies (i.e. Nilla Wafers)<br /><em>Healthy option: apples</em></li> <li>Chopsticks</li> <li>Tongs</li> <li>Spoons</li> <li>Blunt-tip pliers</li> </ul><hr /><p> </p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-right media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Emily Sesno&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/4LS_HRF_Picker_Station.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/4LS_HRF_Picker_Station.jpg?itok=56GLlakZ" width="400" height="220" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 3. An example ʻPickerʻ station.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 3. An example ʻPickerʻ station.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Emily Sesno</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><p><u>Station 2: The Picker</u></p> <ul><li>Egg carton (pre-cut dime size holes in each cup bottom and in between some cups)</li> <li>Gummy Worms<br /><em>Healthy option: snap-pea crisps or string beans </em></li> <li>Needle-nose pliers</li> <li>Blunt-tip pliers</li> <li>Large tongs</li> <li>Popsicle sticks</li> <li>Toothpicks</li> </ul><hr /><p> </p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-right media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Emily Sesno&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/4LS_HRF_Pointer_Station.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/4LS_HRF_Pointer_Station.jpg?itok=nc4Nfp0a" width="400" height="220" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 4. Possible station set up for the ʻPoint-of-Viewers.ʻ&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 4. Possible station set up for the ʻPoint-of-Viewers.ʻ</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Emily Sesno</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><p><u>Station 3: The Point-of-Viewers</u></p> <ul><li>Oreos<br /><em>Healthy option: apple slice sandwhiches with nut butter</em></li> <li>Large gummy rings (i.e. Peach O-Rings)<br /><em>Healthy option: dehydrated apple rings</em></li> <li>Paper Towels</li> <li>String or yarn</li> </ul><p><u>Station 4: The Sucker</u></p> <ul><li>Tub of water</li> <li>Raisins</li> <li>Large spoon</li> <li>Pippette</li> <li>Bulb sucker (from ear cleaning kit or baby nose kit)</li> <li>Turkey baster</li> <li>Eye dropper</li> </ul><hr /><h2>Procedure:</h2> <ol><li>Set up the feeding stations according to the materials list above.</li> <li>Read the station cards and instruction sheet.</li> <li>Practice 'feeding' using the tools and food items at each station.</li> <li>Record your observations on your worksheet.</li> </ol><hr /><h2>Activity Questions:</h2> <ol><li>What are the mouth features of each type of fish (cruncher, picker, Point-of-viewer, sucker)?</li> <li>What kind of food do each of these fish eat (cruncher, picker, Point-of-viewer, sucker)?</li> <li>How do the structure of the fishes' mouth features function to help them eat their specific foods?</li> <li>How did your investigation help you understand more aobut how the different fishes eat?</li> <li>(Optional) Look through your fish ID guide and find another example of each type of fish based on the structure of their mouth and what they eat (cruncher, picker, Point-of-viewer, sucker).</li> </ol><hr /><h2>Further Investigation</h2> <p>Complete the activity sheet to create a guide to different types of fishes and their eating behaviors!</p> <table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"><tbody><tr><td> <p><strong>Teacher Tip</strong>:</p> <p>To reduce workload, assign individuals or groups to research some of the fish and then combine research to create a class guide.</p> </td> </tr></tbody></table><p> </p> <p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-2017" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-activity-sheet contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="9f8c1b65-a8dc-4fc8-a008-734a55b938a0" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">ACTIVITY SHEET</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/sites/default/files/4LS_Vertebrates%20of%20Reef%20Worksheet.pdf">Vertebrates of the Coral Reef City<div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div><br /></p><h4> </h4> <p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-2018" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-teacher-guide contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="94658782-b60c-46f0-858e-e40ce6b048ad" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">TEACHER GUIDE</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/sites/default/files/4LS_Vert.%20of%20Coral%20City%20Answer%20Guide.pdf">Vertebrates of the Coral Reef City Answer Guide<div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div></p><p> </p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> Mon, 09 Apr 2018 23:57:44 +0000 rnakama 1857 at http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-4/life-science/structure-function/activity-structure-function-hungry-reef-fish#comments ACTIVITY: Source of Hawaiian Sand http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-4/earth-and-space-science/weathering-and-erosion/activity-source-hawaiian-sand <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">ACTIVITY: Source of Hawaiian Sand</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-display-title--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-display-title.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-display-title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-display-title field--type-string field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Title</div> <div class="field__item"><h1>ACTIVITY: Source of Hawaiian Sand</h1> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/sealearning/user/357" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">rnakama</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Fri, 04/06/2018 - 13:49</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-practices field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Science and Engineering Practices</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/675" hreflang="en">Planning and Carrying Out Investigations</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-ngss-se-link-text--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-ngss-se-link-text.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-ngss-se-link-text.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-ngss-se-link-text field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">NGSS Science and Engineering Linking Text</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Students observe and compare multiple sand samples to investigate and make hypotheses about their source.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-cc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/683" hreflang="en">Cause and Effect</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-ngss-cc-link-text--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-ngss-cc-link-text.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-ngss-cc-link-text.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-ngss-cc-link-text field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts Linking Text</div> <div class="field__item"><p>By comparing samples with and without calcium carbonate, students investigate whether sand origin is primarily biological or abiological (volcanic).</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-dci field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-2"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/732" hreflang="en">ESS2.A: Earth Materials and Systems</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/736" hreflang="en">ESS2.E: Biogeology</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-ngss-dc-link-text--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-ngss-dc-link-text.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-ngss-dc-link-text.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-ngss-dc-link-text field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas Linking Text</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Students observe sand that comes from different sources—weathering, erosion, and living organisms.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-toc--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-toc.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-toc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-toc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Table of Contents</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/table-contents/activity-source-hawaiian-sand" hreflang="en">Activity: Source of Hawaiian Sand</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment-node-activity-page--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--comment-node-activity-page.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--comment-node-activity-page.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <section class="field field--name-comment-node-activity-page field--type-comment field--label-hidden comment-wrapper"> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>The activity below draws from the content in the page <strong><a href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-4-earth-science-topic-1">Weathering and Erosion</a>.</strong></em></td> </tr></tbody></table><hr /><p> </p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-right media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image courtesy of &lt;a data-cke-saved-href=&quot;https://www.maxpixel.net/Sea-Vacation-Beach-Ocean-Hawaii-Tropical-Sparkle-2546961&quot; href=&quot;https://www.maxpixel.net/Sea-Vacation-Beach-Ocean-Hawaii-Tropical-Sparkle-2546961&quot;&gt;Max Pixel&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/4ESS_T1_Activity__All_Sand.png"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/4ESS_T1_Activity__All_Sand.png?itok=BGDLMsS6" width="400" height="266" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 1. A sideways glance along the surface of the beach reveals an array of colors amongst the grains.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 1. A sideways glance along the surface of the beach reveals an array of colors amongst the grains.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image courtesy of <a href="https://www.maxpixel.net/Sea-Vacation-Beach-Ocean-Hawaii-Tropical-Sparkle-2546961">Max Pixel</a></p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><p><span style="font-size: 1.385em; font-weight: bold;">Phenomenon:</span></p> <p>In a handful of sand, there can be many colors (Fig. 1).</p> <h2>Inquiry: </h2> <p>Why are there different colors of sand grains in Hawai'i?</p> <p> </p> <p><span style="font-size: 1.385em; font-weight: bold;">Guiding Questions:</span></p> <ol><li>How do different types of sand form?</li> <li>Why is sand color different from beach to beach? </li> </ol><hr /><h2>Activity: </h2> <p>In this activity, you will make observations about the effects of weathering. You will conduct an experiment to investigate whether sand collected from around Hawaiʻi is volcanic or biological in origin.</p> <p><em>Note: There is an <a href="#Further Invest.">interactive sand matching game</a> as a Further Investigation that can also be used before this activity.</em></p> <hr /><h2>Materials:</h2> <ul><li>Sand samples from different beaches—at least 3 samples (Hint: preferably black sand, white sand, and one with mixed colors)</li> <li>Small bowl or dish</li> <li>Magnifying glass</li> <li>White school glue (or any glue that dries clear). Clear tape can also be used.</li> <li>White distilled vinegar</li> <li>Teaspoon (or small spoon)</li> <li>Sand inquiry Student Worksheet and Teacher Guide (attachment below)<br /> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-2112" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-activity-sheet contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="9c9abd34-f15e-4420-822e-0b5a20a1c79b" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">ACTIVITY SHEET</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/sites/default/files/4ESS_Sand_Activity%20Sheet.pdf">Student Worksheet: Sand Inquiry<div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div><br />   <p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'filter_caption' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content-edit/filter-caption.html.twig' --> <figure role="group" class="caption caption-drupal-entity"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-2116" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-teacher-guide contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="8df09dc3-dea7-4a22-9312-d6a9d7915472" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">TEACHER GUIDE</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/sites/default/files/4ESS_Sand_Teacher%20Guide.pdf">Teacher Guide: Sand Inquiry<div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div><figcaption><em>This teacher guide follows the procedure written here and in the student worksheet with additional instructions and guidelines. We highly recommend starting this activity by introducing the <strong>Phenomenon</strong>, <strong>Inquiry</strong>, and <strong>Guiding Questions</strong> from the top of this webpage.</em></figcaption></figure><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content-edit/filter-caption.html.twig' --></p></li> <li><em>Optional</em>: Extra pages to explore additional sand samples<br />  <br /> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-2113" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-activity-sheet contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="a12d4d3b-d5f8-4167-86cf-b21341a5b05c" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">ACTIVITY SHEET</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/sites/default/files/3ESS_Extra%20Sand%20Samples%20Student%20Sheet_1.pdf">Additional Sand Inquiry Pages<div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div><span style="display: none;"> </span><span style="display: none;"> </span><span style="display: none;"> </span></li> </ul><table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"><tbody><tr><td> <h2><strong>Vinegar Test</strong>:</h2> <ul><li>Vinegar is a weak acid that reacts with and dissolves calcium carbonate. </li> <li>The shells and <a href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/media_colorbox/3946/media_original/en">skeletons</a> of many marine invertebrates (like corals, urchins, clams, plankton, etc.) are made of calcium carbonate. <a href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/media_colorbox/3947/media_original/en">Calcified algae</a> also contain calcium carbonate.</li> <li>Vinegar releases bubbles of carbon dioxide when it dissolves calcium carbonate. If there is no calcium carbonate present when you add vinegar, there will not be any bubbles.</li> </ul></td> </tr></tbody></table><hr /><h2>Procedure:</h2> <ol><li>Follow your worksheet to explore and observe your sand samples using a toothpick and magnifying glass.</li> <li>Glue sand from each location onto your worksheet, and answer the preliminary questions.</li> <li>What would happen if you add vinegar (a weak acid) to<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin-left: 40px;"><li>biological sand (one with pieces of shells, coral or algae)?</li> <li>volcanic sand (sand from volcanic rock)?</li> </ol></li> <li>Test your samples to determine the source of sand. Record your findings in the worksheet table.</li> </ol><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><u><strong>Sample #1: White Sand</strong></u></p> <ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li style="margin-left: 40px;"><strong>​</strong>Place a teaspoon of white sand into a bowl or dish. </li> <li style="margin-left: 40px;">Slowly add a teaspoon of vinegar.</li> <li style="margin-left: 40px;">Observe and record the reaction.</li> </ol><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><u><strong><strong>Sample</strong> #2: Black Sand</strong></u></p> <ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li style="margin-left: 40px;">Place a teaspoon of white sand into a bowl or dish.</li> <li style="margin-left: 40px;">Slowly Add a teaspoon of vinegar.</li> <li style="margin-left: 40px;">Observe and record the reaction.</li> </ol><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><u><strong><strong>Sample</strong> #3: Mystery Sand</strong></u></p> <ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li style="margin-left: 40px;">Place a teaspoon of white sand into a bowl or dish.</li> <li style="margin-left: 40px;">Slowly add a teaspoon of vinegar.</li> <li style="margin-left: 40px;">Observe and record the reaction.</li> </ol><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><u><strong>Additional Samples</strong></u></p> <ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li style="margin-left: 40px;">Explore more sand samples using the additional sand inquiry pages!</li> </ol><p> </p> <h2>Activity Questions:</h2> <ol><li>What differences did you observe between the different colors of sand?</li> <li>What do the differences you observed tell you about the source of that sand?</li> <li>If one sand sample bubbled a little bit but the other sample bubbled a lot when you added vinegar, what would this tell you about the amount of biological material in each sample? </li> <li>How do you think the sand got to the beach?</li> <li>Did you see anything else in the sand? Describe any items that do look biological or volcanic.</li> <li>How do you think non-sand items got to the beach?</li> <li>Do all beaches get their sand in the same way? Explain your ideas.</li> </ol><hr /><h2><a name="Further Invest." id="Further Invest."></a>Further Investigations:</h2> <ol><li>Map out the different sand beaches around Hawaiʻi. Glue/tape sand samples to a large map.</li> <li><strong>Bonus Feature: Interactive Sand Game! </strong></li> </ol><table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"><tbody><tr><td> <p>Discover how the sand is formed! Build your knowledge by playing an interactive game and  match the different types of sand to the beach.</p> <p><em>You may need to enable Flash or change browsers to view the interactive feature below. </em></p> <p><object classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0" height="400" width="600"><param name="quality" value="high" /><param name="movie" value="https://coast.noaa.gov/data/SEAMedia/Interactive%20Games/G4%20U6%20Interactive%20Beach%20Detective.swf" /><embed height="400" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer" quality="high" src="https://coast.noaa.gov/data/SEAMedia/Interactive%20Games/G4%20U6%20Interactive%20Beach%20Detective.swf" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="600"></embed></object></p> <p><em>Note: If you cannot view the entire interactive on your screen, press Ctrl-Minus (-) on a PC and Command-Option-Minus (-) on a Mac to zoom out.</em></p> </td> </tr></tbody></table><p> </p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> Fri, 06 Apr 2018 23:49:34 +0000 rnakama 1825 at http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-4/earth-and-space-science/weathering-and-erosion/activity-source-hawaiian-sand#comments ACTIVITY: Sailing by the Force of the Wind http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-3/physical-science/forces-wind/activity-sailing-force-wind <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">ACTIVITY: Sailing by the Force of the Wind</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-display-title--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-display-title.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-display-title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-display-title field--type-string field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Title</div> <div class="field__item"><h1>ACTIVITY: Sailing by the Force of the Wind</h1> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-uid field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span lang="" about="/sealearning/user/357" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">rnakama</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--activity-page.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span class="field field--name-created field--type-created field--label-hidden">Mon, 04/02/2018 - 17:25</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-practices.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-practices field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-2"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Science and Engineering Practices</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/677" hreflang="en">Developing and Using Models</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/675" hreflang="en">Planning and Carrying Out Investigations</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-ngss-se-link-text--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-ngss-se-link-text.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-ngss-se-link-text.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-ngss-se-link-text field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">NGSS Science and Engineering Linking Text</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Students plan, investigate, and model the motion of a sailboat using balanced and unbalanced forces of wind.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-cc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-cc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-1"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/683" hreflang="en">Cause and Effect</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-ngss-cc-link-text--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-ngss-cc-link-text.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-ngss-cc-link-text.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-ngss-cc-link-text field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">NGSS Crosscutting Concepts Linking Text</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Students observe the effect of wind strength and direction on the movement of sailboats.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-standards-ngss-dci.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-standards-ngss-dci field--type-entity-reference field--label-above field--depth-2"> <div class="field__label">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/695" hreflang="en">PS2.A: Forces and Motion</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/696" hreflang="en">PS2.B: Types of Interactions</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-ngss-dc-link-text--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-ngss-dc-link-text.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-ngss-dc-link-text.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-ngss-dc-link-text field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas Linking Text</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Using wind as a model force, students determine how the interaction of wind on sails can lead to motion of their sailboat.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-toc--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--field-toc.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--field-toc.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-toc field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Table of Contents</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/sealearning/taxonomy/term/1384" hreflang="en">Activity: Sailing by the Force of the Wind</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment-node-activity-page--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--comment-node-activity-page.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--comment-node-activity-page.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <section class="field field--name-comment-node-activity-page field--type-comment field--label-hidden comment-wrapper"> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: x links--node.html.twig x links--node.html.twig * links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/links--node.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--activity-page.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--activity-page.html.twig * field--body.html.twig x field--text-with-summary.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>The activity below draws from the content in the page <strong><a href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-3-physical-science-topic-1">The Forces of Wind</a>.</strong></em></td> </tr></tbody></table><p> </p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-right media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image courtesy of &lt;a data-cke-saved-href=&quot;https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cabo_San_Lucas_Race_Start_2013_photo_D_Ramey_Logan.jpg&quot; href=&quot;https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cabo_San_Lucas_Race_Start_2013_photo_D_Ramey_Logan.jpg&quot;&gt;Wikimedia Commons&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/3PS_Sailing_Phenomenon.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/3PS_Sailing_Phenomenon.jpg?itok=1p6bDvbg" width="400" height="279" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 1. Sailing races happen all over the world in strong wind conditions.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 1. Sailing races happen all over the world in strong wind conditions.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image courtesy of <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cabo_San_Lucas_Race_Start_2013_photo_D_Ramey_Logan.jpg">Wikimedia Commons</a></p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><p><span style="font-size: 1.385em; font-weight: bold;">Phenomenon:</span></p> <p>As winds blow harder, sailboats move faster.</p> <p><span style="font-size: 1.385em; font-weight: bold;">Inquiry</span><span style="font-size: 1.385em; font-weight: bold;">:</span></p> <p>How did people move across the oceans before there were engines?</p> <h2>Guiding Questions:</h2> <ol><li>How does wind affect the movement of sailboats?</li> <li>What would happen to the movement of a sailboat if the force of wind is balanced with another force?</li> </ol><hr /><p> </p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-right media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image courtesy of &lt;a data-cke-saved-href=&quot;https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Two_young_girls_reaching_for_a_toy_sailboat,_Seattle,_Washington_(4476957870).jpg&quot; href=&quot;https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Two_young_girls_reaching_for_a_toy_sailboat,_Seattle,_Washington_(4476957870).jpg&quot;&gt;Wikimedia Commons&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/3PS_Sailing_Activity.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/3PS_Sailing_Activity.jpg?itok=uay-qXzk" width="400" height="306" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 2. This image shows two girls playing with a toy sailboat in Seattle, Washington around the 1930's.&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 2. This image shows two girls playing with a toy sailboat in Seattle, Washington around the 1930's.</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image courtesy of <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Two_young_girls_reaching_for_a_toy_sailboat,_Seattle,_Washington_(4476957870).jpg">Wikimedia Commons</a></p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><p><span style="font-size: 1.385em; font-weight: bold;">Activity:</span></p> <p>Build a model of a sailboat to investigate the effects of wind energy coming from different directions with varying strength.</p> <p> </p> <p><span style="font-size: 1.385em; font-weight: bold;">Materials</span><span style="font-size: 1.385em; font-weight: bold;">:</span></p> <ul><li>Student Worksheet and Teacher Answer Guide (attached below)</li> </ul><p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-2152" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-activity-sheet contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="b7e1de2f-de7b-43fb-9923-dc016bc16bd4" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">ACTIVITY SHEET</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/sites/default/files/3PS_Sailing%20by%20the%20Wind_Activity%20Sheet_3.pdf">Student Worksheet: The Forces of Wind<div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'filter_caption' --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content-edit/filter-caption.html.twig' --><figure role="group" class="caption caption-drupal-entity"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-2164" class="node node-attachment special-feature-type-teacher-guide contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="242dd7cb-2218-4976-8ef6-1fd155bade11" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">TEACHER GUIDE</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/sites/default/files/3PS_Sailing%20by%20the%20Wind_Teacher%20Guide.pdf">The Forces of Wind Teacher Guide<div class="download-link"></div></a> </h2> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div><figcaption>This teacher guide follows the procedure written here and in the student worksheet with additional instructions and guidelines. We highly recommend starting this activity by introducing the Phenomenon, Inquiry, and Guiding Questions from the top of this webpage.</figcaption></figure><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content-edit/filter-caption.html.twig' --></p><p><u>Boat Building Supplies</u></p> <ul><li>Boat base (choose one of the following):<br /> - Egg carton <br /> - Cardboard<br /> - Plastic container (i.e. tupperware)<br /> - Aluminum foil<br /> - Heavy paper</li> <li>Mast (choose one of the following):<br /> - Wooden skewer<br /> - Chopsticks<br /> - Popsicle sticks<br /> - Craft sticks<br /> - Small tree branches</li> <li>Sail supplies (choose one of the following):<br /> - Construction paper<br /> - Cloth<br /> - Foil</li> <li>Glue or tape</li> <li><em>Optional: Pennies or another small object to add weight to the boats. </em></li> </ul><p><u>Testing the Wind Materials</u></p> <ul><li>Large tray or bucket to hold water</li> <li>Fan</li> <li>Hairdryer</li> <li><em>Optional: Straw (metal, silicone, or paper to limit the use of single use plastics)</em></li> </ul><table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"><tbody><tr><td> <p><strong>Teacher Recommendations</strong>: </p> <ul><li>Boats can take all shapes and sizes - students can get creative with how they construct their boat—as long as it floats and catches wind!</li> <li>When considering what to use to represent the ocean, keep in mind that the boats will be moving across the surface of the water. Using a container with a larger surface area will yeild the best results. If there is a pond nearby, consider using that!</li> <li>This activity can be connected with content from Earth and Space Science lessons on <a href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-3-earth-science-topic-2">Hurricanes</a> and <a href="http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-3/earth-and-space-science/natural-hazards-hurricanes/activity-hurricane-hazards">Designs that Survive Storms</a>:<br /> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> <div class="action-background"> <div id="node-2007" class="node node-activity-page special-feature-type-activity contextual-links-region clearfix special-feature-type- " data-embed-button="node" data-entity-embed-display="entity_reference:entity_reference_label" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;link&quot;:1}" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="7f5933f5-fddb-4ea5-bea5-6022617acc9d" data-langcode="und"> <div class="embed-type-marker"><i class="icon white"></i></div> <div class="embed-supertitle">ACTIVITY</div> <h2 class="embed-title"> <a target="_blank" href="/sealearning/grade-3/earth-and-space-science/natural-hazards/activity-designs-survive-storms" hreflang="und">Designs That Survive Storms</a> </h2> <div class="field-item even"><p></p></div> <div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --> </div></div></li> </ul></td> </tr></tbody></table><hr /><h2>Procedure:</h2> <ol><li>Follow along on your worksheet to build a boat and test the winds!</li> </ol><h3><strong>Build a model of a sailboat:</strong></h3> <ol start="2"><li>Create a boat base from your chosen material (i.e. folded tinfoil, cardboard box, plastic container).</li> <li>Cut a rectangle from construction paper to make your sail. Decorate it!</li> <li>Poke two small holes in line at the top and bottom of the sail. Get help from your teacher as needed!</li> <li> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'media' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * media--source-image.html.twig * media--image--half-page.html.twig * media--image.html.twig * media--half-page.html.twig x media.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --> <article class="align-right media media--type-image media--view-mode-half-page" title="&lt;p&gt;Image by Emily Sesno&lt;/p&gt;"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --><!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-image--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-image.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-image.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <a href="/sealearning/sites/default/files/3PS_Sail_Model.jpg"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <div class="imgpost"> <span class="img-overlay-lightbox"></span> <img loading="lazy" src="/sealearning/sites/default/files/styles/half_page/public/3PS_Sail_Model.jpg?itok=WxTlrA1m" width="400" height="533" alt="&lt;p&gt;Fig. 3. An example of a model sail boat.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-half-page" /></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> </a> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/tsi/templates/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-alttext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-alttext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-alttext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-alttext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image caption</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Fig. 3. An example of a model sail boat. </p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--media--field-media-titletext--image.html.twig * field--media--field-media-titletext.html.twig * field--media--image.html.twig * field--field-media-titletext.html.twig x field--text-long.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-media-titletext field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Image copyright and source</div> <div class="field__item"><p>Image by Emily Sesno</p> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-long.html.twig' --> </article><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/content/media.html.twig' --><p> Attach the sail to the mast (chopstick, skewer, stick, or similar material) by guiding the stick through the holes. Add tape or glue as necessary to secure it (Fig. 2).</p></li> <li>Create an ‘ocean’ (bowl or pan of water) and place your sailboat on the surface of the water.</li> <li>Optional: add pennies or other items to the boat to help weigh it down and sit properly in the water. </li> <li>Draw a picture of what your boat looks like. Label the parts.</li> </ol><h3><strong>Test the winds:</strong></h3> <ol start="1"><li>Before testing the effect of wind on your sailboat, think about your hypotheses and record them on your data table: <ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>How will the force of wind affect the motion of my sailboat? (i.e. Will there be a difference in your boat's movement when the wind is weaker compared to when the wind is stronger?)</li> <li>How will the direction of wind affect the motion of my sailboat? (i.e. Will your boat move sideways, straight ahead, backwards, etc.?)</li> </ol></li> <li>Conduct your trials.</li> </ol><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><u><strong>Trial #1: Direct Winds</strong></u></p> <ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin-left: 80px;"><li><strong>​</strong>Blow gently on your sailboat using your breath. You may also blow through straw to help direct your ʻwind.ʻ (Please use a metal, cardboard, or other type of non-plastic straw!)</li> <li>Record your observations on the data table.</li> </ol><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><u><strong>Trial #2: Indirect Winds</strong></u></p> <ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin-left: 80px;"><li><strong>​</strong>Use a fan to blow wind toward your sailboat. Place the fan pointing in the general direction of the sailboat. Turn the fan onto the lowest setting.</li> <li>Record your observations on the data table</li> </ol><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><u><strong>Trial #3: Strong Winds</strong></u></p> <ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin-left: 80px;"><li><strong>​</strong>Use a hairdryer to blow from different directions on your sailboat.</li> <li>Switch between high and low settings. </li> <li>Record your observations on the data table.</li> </ol><p style="margin-left: 40px;"><u><strong>Trial #4: Equal Winds</strong></u></p> <ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin-left: 80px;"><li><strong>​</strong>Using either hairdryers or your breath, blow on one side of your sailboat while your partner blows with the same force on the opposite side.</li> <li>Record your observations on the data table.</li> </ol><h3><strong>Data Table:</strong></h3> <hr /><table border="7" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;">TEST:<br /><em>What will I do?</em></td> <td style="text-align: center;">PREDICTION:<br /><em>What will happen?</em></td> <td style="text-align: center;">OBSERVATION DATA:<br /> W<em>hat do I observe? (use words and/or a labeled drawing.)</em></td> </tr><tr><td><strong>Trial #1</strong> - Blow <em>directly </em> on the sailboat</td> <td> </td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td><strong>Trial #2</strong> - Blow <em>indirectly </em> toward the sailboat</td> <td> </td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td><strong>Trial #3</strong> - Blow <i>strongly</i> on the sailboat</td> <td> </td> <td> </td> </tr><tr><td><strong>Trial #4</strong> - Blow at the same time as your partner (facing each other) on the sailboat</td> <td> </td> <td> </td> </tr></tbody></table><hr /><h2>Activity Questions:</h2> <ol><li>When a sailboat is floating but not moving, the forces acting on it are (circle one): <ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin-left: 40px;"><li>balanced</li> <li>unbalanced</li> </ol></li> <li>When a sailboat is moving, the forces acting on it are (circle one):<br /><ol start="1" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin-left: 40px;"><li>balanced </li> <li>unbalanced</li> </ol></li> <li>When your boat is not moving, there are forces acting on it to keep it floating on the water. However the boat does not move because those forces are balanced.<br /><ol start="1" style="margin-left: 40px; list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><li>What balanced forces are acting on the floating sailboat?</li> <li>What additional forces could you apply to cause the boat to move?</li> </ol></li> <li>What happened when you blew gently on the sailboat?</li> <li>What happened when you blew harder?</li> <li>What changed when your partner blew at the same time as you? Were the forces balanced or unbalanced?</li> <li>When you push a ball and it rolls on the floor, is this a balanced or unbalanced force?</li> <li>You have been testing wind as an unbalanced force that moves sailboats. Give an example of another unbalanced force that can cause an object to move.</li> <li>How might sailors use the knowledge of winds to plan for voyages?</li> </ol><p> </p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/classy/templates/field/field--text-with-summary.html.twig' --> Tue, 03 Apr 2018 03:25:51 +0000 rnakama 1768 at http://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning